Suppose that a disease is transmitted via a dominant mode of inheritance and that one parent is affected and the other is not. The probability then that any particular offspring will get the disease is ½.
a) What is the probability that in a family with 2 children, both are affected?
b) What is the probability that exactly 1 is affected?
c) What is the probability that neither child is affected?
Advanced statistics question..?
every child is independent of the other with respect to getting the disease.
1/2 prob the first child has the disease, 1/2 prob the second does, the prob both have the disease is thus:
1/2 * 1/2 = 1/4
to have exactly one effect you have 1/2 * 1/2 that this first is affected and the second is not plus the 1/2 * 1/2 prob that the first is not but the second child is: 1/2 * 1/2 + 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/2
there is a 1/4 prob that neither child has the disease. this is the same logic as part 1.
Reply:a. (1/2)(1/2) = 1/4
b. (1/2)(1-1/2) + (1-1/2)(1/2) = (1/4) + (1/4) = 1/2
c (1-1/2)(1-1/2) = (1/2)(1/2) = 1/4
survey for money
Sunday, August 2, 2009
Ok , as I said, why the pensions "scam"?
I would like to answer Colin S. 1st, you get full tax relief on interest-only buy-to-let mortgages, so reducing your tax liability. your 2nd point, you said, "A lump sum is possible if you die before retirement". What happens if I die 1 or 2 days or weeks after I have retired?, you've guessed it, it's ALL gone, not 1p left, as an inheritance. And now I will use your very annoying no-it-all sayings.
Oh,and owning a buy-to-let interest-only mortgaged property, 1 example, Interest only mortgage of £38,3k costs £184 per month tax deductable,+ £14.86 per month Buildings Ins. Costs are then £200 per month. The property is currently rented at £375 per month. An income of £175 p.c.m -tax, still an income. The current High Street valuation is around £95k In 15 years time still owing will be £38,3k. Can you find me a pension plan that pays me an income now (I am 50) then when I die, my son will still own properties if he wants to? Please get in touch I would love to know!!
Ok , as I said, why the pensions "scam"?
Hi
Thanks for your reply - to be clear on point 1 you don't get full tax relief - only on that rental income which is not offset against mortgage interest and other expenditure (but I do take your point completely).
Point 2 - if you draw an income form your pension fund (not an annuity) the fund is available to your heirs less 35% tax charge - but you are right, if you do not select a spousal reversionary income from your annuity, then the fund is lost - unless you choose a capital guaranteed annuity (costly though). After age 75 you can still draw an income via 'alternatively secured pension' but the tax charge on death jumps to 70% if there is no surviving spouse.
Sorry if I offended you, but I believe pensions should form the basis of any retirement planning (afterall many of us want the surity of income in retirement). No investment comes without risks, and indeed buy-to-lets are risky too.
Anyway each to their own.
Oh,and owning a buy-to-let interest-only mortgaged property, 1 example, Interest only mortgage of £38,3k costs £184 per month tax deductable,+ £14.86 per month Buildings Ins. Costs are then £200 per month. The property is currently rented at £375 per month. An income of £175 p.c.m -tax, still an income. The current High Street valuation is around £95k In 15 years time still owing will be £38,3k. Can you find me a pension plan that pays me an income now (I am 50) then when I die, my son will still own properties if he wants to? Please get in touch I would love to know!!
Ok , as I said, why the pensions "scam"?
Hi
Thanks for your reply - to be clear on point 1 you don't get full tax relief - only on that rental income which is not offset against mortgage interest and other expenditure (but I do take your point completely).
Point 2 - if you draw an income form your pension fund (not an annuity) the fund is available to your heirs less 35% tax charge - but you are right, if you do not select a spousal reversionary income from your annuity, then the fund is lost - unless you choose a capital guaranteed annuity (costly though). After age 75 you can still draw an income via 'alternatively secured pension' but the tax charge on death jumps to 70% if there is no surviving spouse.
Sorry if I offended you, but I believe pensions should form the basis of any retirement planning (afterall many of us want the surity of income in retirement). No investment comes without risks, and indeed buy-to-lets are risky too.
Anyway each to their own.
If a Hindu woman marries another man while still married to her first husband, what are the consequences?
as far as which marriage is legal and which is null and void. Can she be criminally charged for bigamy? Also what are the inheritance consequences if she has a child with second husband, the second husband dies, before discovery of bigamy by wife, i.e, she marries A, then she marries B unknown to B or his family that she is already married, has child C with B, then B dies, after B's death it is discovered that she is already married to A. Can she inherit B's estate if no will?
If a Hindu woman marries another man while still married to her first husband, what are the consequences?
First marriage is legal %26amp; valid unless a decree of divorce or annulment is passed dissolving such a marriage. Second marriage is Void under section 11 of the Hindu marriage Act, 1955 as the condition provided under section 5 (I) of this Act was contravened i.e. she was not unmarried or divorcee or widow at the time of her second marriage. She can be charged for bigamy under section 494 of the Indian Penal Code only on the complaint of her first husband A. If a child C was born by her second husband B such a child will be considered a legitimate child same as if it was born if the marriage had been valid according to section 16 of the Hindu Marriage Act,1955. Such a child will have legitimate right to inherit his father’s property. Although her second marriage is void but if no decree of annulment is passed by any court declaring it null %26amp; void she can try to claim as a widow of the deceased, but a contrary judgment to this effect exist where the Bom. High Court had held that an illegitimate wife cannot at all be considered as having entitlement to inherit or succeed under any of the provisions of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956. So in such cases the best course is to get a will made in favor of the wife %26amp; the child borne by such wife, to avoid such a situation. Write to me for any further guidance.
Reply:illegal marriage somehow women go scot free and cannot be charged in sexual matters its difficult,however she is an unlucy women to be with if she calls death upon her lovers
Reply:no.
Reply:don't get puzzle
go and sleep
Reply:I think the best solution is tell the in laws(second husband) if they in favour with U, about all this and do not think or tell about money %26amp; property wise...let them decide and make your second marriage legal...register it and then you will be a legal wife to your second husband and also will be the child...then try to talk to the first husband and take a divorce making him some offer in terms of money ...if he accepts all the case is solved....instead of going to the Court and all......
Reply:The second marriage is considered null and void till the woman takes divorce from first husband or if the woman is the widow of the first husband. The child out of the second husband will be considered to be illegitimate as the secnd man will not be considered as her husband.
Reply:Ask a lawyer.
Reply:You left out one vital element and that is what country is she in. If she is in the United States she could be tried and convicted of bigamy. She would not be able to inherit of the second husband's estate and the first husband would most probably divorce her in which case she could derive NOTHING from him. I am afraid the lady would have put herself through a great deal of trouble and net nothing but trouble.
Reply:The mariage is null and void. Your status is that of a keep.Any child born from your love will have no right on his fathers property.And unfortuanate death will bring u to road if you r totally depended on yr husband.
Reply:She cannot inherit succession of B but of A only and C is legal heir of B. She can get her maintenance expenses from A. Neither she nor A can marry till divorced by Dist Court. She remained Ardhangini (half body) of A even under B's thighs.
Reply:Well you should ask lawyer about and judge is the one who will decide about this matter.
Reply:You seems to be a rotten cu.. having the craze of wealth and lavish life style. Do you bloody want to kill your Mr. B?
Medical test of your child is sufficent to nail you. If you think that you can eliminate B, you would not get any thing, yet the court may take some courtsy to grant Mr/Ms C some % of the property after lot of struggle. But in that case you would stand naked in front of your society.
Reply:contempt of marriage,with fine in court.and a name in soceity.
Reply:Well second marriage is illegal.Its also depend how long she has been out of contact with her first husband. As in India law does not allow to remarry while you have not divorced from first husband or wife. If she does have a child from second marriage then child will get same rights in his father property as any child will do but not her. Unless he has a will before his death nominated her as beneficiary. But you better contact a family lawyer in this case as bit complicated. Spartan
If a Hindu woman marries another man while still married to her first husband, what are the consequences?
First marriage is legal %26amp; valid unless a decree of divorce or annulment is passed dissolving such a marriage. Second marriage is Void under section 11 of the Hindu marriage Act, 1955 as the condition provided under section 5 (I) of this Act was contravened i.e. she was not unmarried or divorcee or widow at the time of her second marriage. She can be charged for bigamy under section 494 of the Indian Penal Code only on the complaint of her first husband A. If a child C was born by her second husband B such a child will be considered a legitimate child same as if it was born if the marriage had been valid according to section 16 of the Hindu Marriage Act,1955. Such a child will have legitimate right to inherit his father’s property. Although her second marriage is void but if no decree of annulment is passed by any court declaring it null %26amp; void she can try to claim as a widow of the deceased, but a contrary judgment to this effect exist where the Bom. High Court had held that an illegitimate wife cannot at all be considered as having entitlement to inherit or succeed under any of the provisions of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956. So in such cases the best course is to get a will made in favor of the wife %26amp; the child borne by such wife, to avoid such a situation. Write to me for any further guidance.
Reply:illegal marriage somehow women go scot free and cannot be charged in sexual matters its difficult,however she is an unlucy women to be with if she calls death upon her lovers
Reply:no.
Reply:don't get puzzle
go and sleep
Reply:I think the best solution is tell the in laws(second husband) if they in favour with U, about all this and do not think or tell about money %26amp; property wise...let them decide and make your second marriage legal...register it and then you will be a legal wife to your second husband and also will be the child...then try to talk to the first husband and take a divorce making him some offer in terms of money ...if he accepts all the case is solved....instead of going to the Court and all......
Reply:The second marriage is considered null and void till the woman takes divorce from first husband or if the woman is the widow of the first husband. The child out of the second husband will be considered to be illegitimate as the secnd man will not be considered as her husband.
Reply:Ask a lawyer.
Reply:You left out one vital element and that is what country is she in. If she is in the United States she could be tried and convicted of bigamy. She would not be able to inherit of the second husband's estate and the first husband would most probably divorce her in which case she could derive NOTHING from him. I am afraid the lady would have put herself through a great deal of trouble and net nothing but trouble.
Reply:The mariage is null and void. Your status is that of a keep.Any child born from your love will have no right on his fathers property.And unfortuanate death will bring u to road if you r totally depended on yr husband.
Reply:She cannot inherit succession of B but of A only and C is legal heir of B. She can get her maintenance expenses from A. Neither she nor A can marry till divorced by Dist Court. She remained Ardhangini (half body) of A even under B's thighs.
Reply:Well you should ask lawyer about and judge is the one who will decide about this matter.
Reply:You seems to be a rotten cu.. having the craze of wealth and lavish life style. Do you bloody want to kill your Mr. B?
Medical test of your child is sufficent to nail you. If you think that you can eliminate B, you would not get any thing, yet the court may take some courtsy to grant Mr/Ms C some % of the property after lot of struggle. But in that case you would stand naked in front of your society.
Reply:contempt of marriage,with fine in court.and a name in soceity.
Reply:Well second marriage is illegal.Its also depend how long she has been out of contact with her first husband. As in India law does not allow to remarry while you have not divorced from first husband or wife. If she does have a child from second marriage then child will get same rights in his father property as any child will do but not her. Unless he has a will before his death nominated her as beneficiary. But you better contact a family lawyer in this case as bit complicated. Spartan
Homologous structures, such as a bat wing and whale flipper,?
a. are formed from genes on the same pair of chromosomes.
b. are similar externally but have different basic structures and were probably not derived from a common ancestor.
c. are the result of pairs of chromosomes that are identical in bats and whales.
d. have the same underlying structure due to inheritance from a common ancestor.
e. are structures that did not develop in response to natural selection.
Homologous structures, such as a bat wing and whale flipper,?
Definitely B
Reply:The correct answer should be D (homology correspond to the family of genes and structures that evolved from a common ancestor) like the various forms of haemoglobins.
B would be the definition of convergent evolution, like the birds' bats' wing or the fins in fish and whales: something that evolved separately but along similar line due to a similar evolutionary pressure.
Reply:I'd say D.
Then again, I kinda forgot what homologous means. lol!
Reply:It's definitely D. This shows a common ancestor with changes in underlying structure due to environment.
b. are similar externally but have different basic structures and were probably not derived from a common ancestor.
c. are the result of pairs of chromosomes that are identical in bats and whales.
d. have the same underlying structure due to inheritance from a common ancestor.
e. are structures that did not develop in response to natural selection.
Homologous structures, such as a bat wing and whale flipper,?
Definitely B
Reply:The correct answer should be D (homology correspond to the family of genes and structures that evolved from a common ancestor) like the various forms of haemoglobins.
B would be the definition of convergent evolution, like the birds' bats' wing or the fins in fish and whales: something that evolved separately but along similar line due to a similar evolutionary pressure.
Reply:I'd say D.
Then again, I kinda forgot what homologous means. lol!
Reply:It's definitely D. This shows a common ancestor with changes in underlying structure due to environment.
Ohairs son did he love his mother with this interview he gave?
In 1980, William Murray converted to Christianity and was baptised at a Baptist church in Dallas, where he took up work as a preacher. This led to a permanent estrangement between mother and son. As she put it, "One could call this a postnatal abortion on the part of a mother, I guess; I repudiate him entirely and completely for now and all times...he is beyond human forgiveness."[19]
Murray spoke critically of his mother after her disappearance:
"My mother was an evil person... Not for removing prayer from America's schools... No, she was just evil. She stole huge amounts of money. She misused the trust of people. She cheated children out of their parents' inheritance. She cheated on her taxes and even stole from her own organizations. She once printed up phony stock certificates on her own printing press to try to take over another atheist publishing company."[10]
Murray also criticized his mother after her disappearance, claiming she had stashed "tens of millions" away.[2] He attempted to gain "guardianship" over his missing mother and brother's assets, declaring they had stolen money, and said, "My brother had a tendency to fall for con games and con artists".[2]
O'Hair achieved some posthumous notoriety through an urban legend. An e-mail claimed "Madeline Murray O'Hare [sic] is attempting to get TV programs such as Touched by an Angel and all TV programs that mention God taken off the air" (the e-mail invariably misspelled O'Hair's name). It cited petition RM-2493 to the FCC which had nothing to do with O'Hair, and which was denied in 1975, concerning the prevention of educational radio channels being used for religious broadcasting.[20] A variant acknowledging her death was circulating in 2003, still warning about a threat to Touched by An Angel months after the program's last episode had been aired. In 2007, similar e-mails were still being reported, twelve years after O'Hair's disappearance and long after her confirmed death.[21][22]
Between the time of O'Hair's disappearance and the discovery of the bodies, a comedic play called The Last Days of Madalyn Murray O'Hair in Exile was written by Dave Foley. It was based on the premise that she, her son and her granddaughter had stolen the money and fled to an island in the South Pacific.[23]
[edit] See also
Charles E. Stevens American Atheist Library and Archives
[edit] References
^ Goeringer, Conrad F. (2006). About American Atheists. AmericanAtheists.com. American Atheists. Retrieved on 2007-12-01.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Van
Ohairs son did he love his mother with this interview he gave?
His mother threw him out of the house when he told her he had become a Christian. God is good. He is the only surviving member of the family. PS They were killed by an Atheist, not a Christian.
Reply:after reading it dont sound like he did
survey questions
Murray spoke critically of his mother after her disappearance:
"My mother was an evil person... Not for removing prayer from America's schools... No, she was just evil. She stole huge amounts of money. She misused the trust of people. She cheated children out of their parents' inheritance. She cheated on her taxes and even stole from her own organizations. She once printed up phony stock certificates on her own printing press to try to take over another atheist publishing company."[10]
Murray also criticized his mother after her disappearance, claiming she had stashed "tens of millions" away.[2] He attempted to gain "guardianship" over his missing mother and brother's assets, declaring they had stolen money, and said, "My brother had a tendency to fall for con games and con artists".[2]
O'Hair achieved some posthumous notoriety through an urban legend. An e-mail claimed "Madeline Murray O'Hare [sic] is attempting to get TV programs such as Touched by an Angel and all TV programs that mention God taken off the air" (the e-mail invariably misspelled O'Hair's name). It cited petition RM-2493 to the FCC which had nothing to do with O'Hair, and which was denied in 1975, concerning the prevention of educational radio channels being used for religious broadcasting.[20] A variant acknowledging her death was circulating in 2003, still warning about a threat to Touched by An Angel months after the program's last episode had been aired. In 2007, similar e-mails were still being reported, twelve years after O'Hair's disappearance and long after her confirmed death.[21][22]
Between the time of O'Hair's disappearance and the discovery of the bodies, a comedic play called The Last Days of Madalyn Murray O'Hair in Exile was written by Dave Foley. It was based on the premise that she, her son and her granddaughter had stolen the money and fled to an island in the South Pacific.[23]
[edit] See also
Charles E. Stevens American Atheist Library and Archives
[edit] References
^ Goeringer, Conrad F. (2006). About American Atheists. AmericanAtheists.com. American Atheists. Retrieved on 2007-12-01.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Van
Ohairs son did he love his mother with this interview he gave?
His mother threw him out of the house when he told her he had become a Christian. God is good. He is the only surviving member of the family. PS They were killed by an Atheist, not a Christian.
Reply:after reading it dont sound like he did
survey questions
Homologous structures, such as a bat wing and whale flipper,?
A. have the same underlying structure due to inheritance from a common ancestor.
B. are similar externally but have different basic structures and were probably not derived from a common ancestor.
C. are the result of pairs of chromosomes that are identical in bats and whales.
D. are structures that did not develop in response to natural selection.
E. are formed from genes on the same pair of chromosomes.
Homologous structures, such as a bat wing and whale flipper,?
The answer is A.
Homologus structures have similar(homo) bone structures, but they are used in different ways. The bat and whale have a common ancestor(CA), but they each have evolved beyond their CA. They share a similar structure, but they are not exaxtly the same. As a bat hase long fingers and a whale has shorter fingers.
Reply:Definitely A
B. are similar externally but have different basic structures and were probably not derived from a common ancestor.
C. are the result of pairs of chromosomes that are identical in bats and whales.
D. are structures that did not develop in response to natural selection.
E. are formed from genes on the same pair of chromosomes.
Homologous structures, such as a bat wing and whale flipper,?
The answer is A.
Homologus structures have similar(homo) bone structures, but they are used in different ways. The bat and whale have a common ancestor(CA), but they each have evolved beyond their CA. They share a similar structure, but they are not exaxtly the same. As a bat hase long fingers and a whale has shorter fingers.
Reply:Definitely A
Genetic question for AP Biology...?
Assume that a particular genetic condition in a mammalian species causes an inability to digest starch. This disorder occurs with equal frequency in males and females. In most cases, neither parent of affected offspring has the condition.
A. Describe the most probable pattern of inheritance for this condition. Explain your reasoning. Include in your discussion a sample cross (es) sufficient to verify your proposed pattern.
B. Explain how mutations could cause this inability to digest starch.
C. Describe how modern techniques of molecular biology could be used to determine whether the mutant allele is present in a given individual.
Genetic question for AP Biology...?
Breaking the first question down: Equal frequency in males and females tells you it is not an X linked gene. If more males that females had it that would say it was X linked. If neither parent has the problem then they must be heterozygotes and having one copy of the good gene is enough to function. So, we have a classic dominant recessive gene pattern. Lets call the gene D for digester. The parents would be Dd and if the offspring can't digest starch then it is dd. If the parent's genetics are put into a punnett square it would look like this
D d
D DD Dd
d dD dd
25% of the offspring would be homozygous dominant. dD and Dd are the same so 50% would be heterozygous and 25% would homozygous recessive.
As to mutations: The DNA coding fro the protein that digests starch makes a polypeptide that folds in certain ways so that starches fit into a pocket or groove of the protein so that it can be spit apart. Missense mutations would be a point mutation or replacement of one nucleic acid by another that results in the wrong amino acid being put into the protein so that the groove changes an starch no longer fits. (buying a new hammer that is missing the flat head side of it and trying to drive nails witrh it. Another mutation could be loss of a base so that the whole gene is shifted over by one nucleic acid. That would produce a nonsense mRNA and protein that didn't do anything or that wasn't processed by the ribosomes.
Modern molecular genetic testing uses a strategy where the suspected DNA is amplified in a PCR reaction and then mixed with known normal DNA. The mix is heated until all the duplex DNA falls apart and then is allowed to reanneal. The population of duplex DNA now will be a mix of normal-normal DNA, normal-mutated DNA and mutated-mutated DNA. The normal-mutated DNA has a bulge in it where the bases do not match up and migrates through a gel capillary tube slower than the normal-normal and mutated-mutated strands and comes out of the tube later than the others.
Check out the web site for DHPLC testing
A. Describe the most probable pattern of inheritance for this condition. Explain your reasoning. Include in your discussion a sample cross (es) sufficient to verify your proposed pattern.
B. Explain how mutations could cause this inability to digest starch.
C. Describe how modern techniques of molecular biology could be used to determine whether the mutant allele is present in a given individual.
Genetic question for AP Biology...?
Breaking the first question down: Equal frequency in males and females tells you it is not an X linked gene. If more males that females had it that would say it was X linked. If neither parent has the problem then they must be heterozygotes and having one copy of the good gene is enough to function. So, we have a classic dominant recessive gene pattern. Lets call the gene D for digester. The parents would be Dd and if the offspring can't digest starch then it is dd. If the parent's genetics are put into a punnett square it would look like this
D d
D DD Dd
d dD dd
25% of the offspring would be homozygous dominant. dD and Dd are the same so 50% would be heterozygous and 25% would homozygous recessive.
As to mutations: The DNA coding fro the protein that digests starch makes a polypeptide that folds in certain ways so that starches fit into a pocket or groove of the protein so that it can be spit apart. Missense mutations would be a point mutation or replacement of one nucleic acid by another that results in the wrong amino acid being put into the protein so that the groove changes an starch no longer fits. (buying a new hammer that is missing the flat head side of it and trying to drive nails witrh it. Another mutation could be loss of a base so that the whole gene is shifted over by one nucleic acid. That would produce a nonsense mRNA and protein that didn't do anything or that wasn't processed by the ribosomes.
Modern molecular genetic testing uses a strategy where the suspected DNA is amplified in a PCR reaction and then mixed with known normal DNA. The mix is heated until all the duplex DNA falls apart and then is allowed to reanneal. The population of duplex DNA now will be a mix of normal-normal DNA, normal-mutated DNA and mutated-mutated DNA. The normal-mutated DNA has a bulge in it where the bases do not match up and migrates through a gel capillary tube slower than the normal-normal and mutated-mutated strands and comes out of the tube later than the others.
Check out the web site for DHPLC testing
Male calico cats?
Male calico cats could be the result of...
A) a reciprocal translocation
B) recessive alleles retaining their fundamental natures even when expressed
C) nondisjunction, leading to the male calico having two X chromosomes
D) incomplete dominance of multiple alleles
E) sex-linked inheritance
Male calico cats?
C
http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?...
Reply:C is the only possible. Two copies of the "calico" gene are needed to produce the calico phenotype. The "calico" gene is on the X chromosome.
Reply:C) nondisjunction, leading to the male calico having two X chromosomes
Reply:You must have information about the situation of the genes and alleles and any other environmental effect to answer that. So don't be lazy and read some of your course book about that. Good luck
Reply:(C) nondisjunction. That's why male calico cats are so rare, and why, when they do exist, they have a host of mental and developmental problems.
A) a reciprocal translocation
B) recessive alleles retaining their fundamental natures even when expressed
C) nondisjunction, leading to the male calico having two X chromosomes
D) incomplete dominance of multiple alleles
E) sex-linked inheritance
Male calico cats?
C
http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?...
Reply:C is the only possible. Two copies of the "calico" gene are needed to produce the calico phenotype. The "calico" gene is on the X chromosome.
Reply:C) nondisjunction, leading to the male calico having two X chromosomes
Reply:You must have information about the situation of the genes and alleles and any other environmental effect to answer that. So don't be lazy and read some of your course book about that. Good luck
Reply:(C) nondisjunction. That's why male calico cats are so rare, and why, when they do exist, they have a host of mental and developmental problems.
Urgent Reply is needed all Java Programers...?
If I am writing the following code :--
class MyDate
{
public int dd,mm,yy;
public MyDate()
{
dd=mm=yy=0;
}
public MyDate(int d,int m,int y)
{
dd=d;
mm=m;
yy=y;
}
public void display()
{
System.out.println("Date is"+dd+"/"+mm+"/"+yy);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
MyDate d=new MyDate(12,12,12);
d.display();
}
}
this code is written in one file or say application.
Now I am creating new file MyDemo.java and i want to use the MyDate class without using Inheritance Concept....
class MyDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
MyDate d=new MyDate(12,12,12);
d.display();
}
}
This will be my code. But now the problem is that it showing me some error. And the error is -------
Now
C:\%26gt;javac MyDemo.java
MyDemo.java:5: cannot resolve symbol
symbol : class MyDate
location: class MyDemo
MyDate d=new MyDate(12,12,12);
^
MyDemo.java:5: cannot resolve symbol
symbol.
Urgent Reply is needed all Java Programers...?
You don't need this code:
public MyDate()
{
dd=mm=yy=0;
}
it is redundant since you have a constructor which is taking your 3 parameters.
So you class should look like this:
public class MyDate
{
private int dd,mm,yy = 0;
public MyDate(int d,int m,int y)
{
dd=d;
mm=m;
yy=y;
}
public void display()
{
System.out.println("Date is "+dd+"/"+mm+"/"+yy);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
MyDate d = new MyDate(12,12,12);
d.display();
}
}
You second class will compile fine then and in typical Java naming convention class names start with a small cased letter and then the first letter of each subsequent word is capitalised (eg myDate, myDemo).
Reply:Method 1:
First compile the first file say application.java, the following class file will be created.
MyDate.class
If the file is in the same directory where the second file is there, then your program will work fine.
Method 2:
If you store the first file in another directory say for ex: "lib", add the following line in the first file at the top of the file.
package lib;
And compile the file javac -d application.java
And in the second file, add the following line at the top of the file.
For further reading, check the following reference
Reply:which line of the code does the error highlight?
Reply:Both MyDate and MyDemo must be in the same package. Just put following line at the top of MyDate.java and MyDemo.java and re-compile your code:
package mypackage;
It should work now.
surveys
class MyDate
{
public int dd,mm,yy;
public MyDate()
{
dd=mm=yy=0;
}
public MyDate(int d,int m,int y)
{
dd=d;
mm=m;
yy=y;
}
public void display()
{
System.out.println("Date is"+dd+"/"+mm+"/"+yy);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
MyDate d=new MyDate(12,12,12);
d.display();
}
}
this code is written in one file or say application.
Now I am creating new file MyDemo.java and i want to use the MyDate class without using Inheritance Concept....
class MyDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
MyDate d=new MyDate(12,12,12);
d.display();
}
}
This will be my code. But now the problem is that it showing me some error. And the error is -------
Now
C:\%26gt;javac MyDemo.java
MyDemo.java:5: cannot resolve symbol
symbol : class MyDate
location: class MyDemo
MyDate d=new MyDate(12,12,12);
^
MyDemo.java:5: cannot resolve symbol
symbol.
Urgent Reply is needed all Java Programers...?
You don't need this code:
public MyDate()
{
dd=mm=yy=0;
}
it is redundant since you have a constructor which is taking your 3 parameters.
So you class should look like this:
public class MyDate
{
private int dd,mm,yy = 0;
public MyDate(int d,int m,int y)
{
dd=d;
mm=m;
yy=y;
}
public void display()
{
System.out.println("Date is "+dd+"/"+mm+"/"+yy);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
MyDate d = new MyDate(12,12,12);
d.display();
}
}
You second class will compile fine then and in typical Java naming convention class names start with a small cased letter and then the first letter of each subsequent word is capitalised (eg myDate, myDemo).
Reply:Method 1:
First compile the first file say application.java, the following class file will be created.
MyDate.class
If the file is in the same directory where the second file is there, then your program will work fine.
Method 2:
If you store the first file in another directory say for ex: "lib", add the following line in the first file at the top of the file.
package lib;
And compile the file javac -d application.java
And in the second file, add the following line at the top of the file.
For further reading, check the following reference
Reply:which line of the code does the error highlight?
Reply:Both MyDate and MyDemo must be in the same package. Just put following line at the top of MyDate.java and MyDemo.java and re-compile your code:
package mypackage;
It should work now.
surveys
Towards a White Minority?
Towards a White Minority
Did you see those demographic stats in the New York Times last week?
The Census Bureau estimated yesterday that from July 1, 2005 to July 1, 2006, the nation’s minority population grew to 100.7 million from 98.3 million... Nearly half the children under age 5 are Hispanic, black or Asian... 80 percent of Americans over age 60 are non-Hispanic whites, compared with only 60 percent among those in their 20s and 30s, and 58 percent among people younger than 20...
(Some of the quotes in what follows are from the NYT story; the others are from the actual U.S. Census Bureau news release from which the story is abstracted.)
It is not news that white Anglo (i.e. white non-Hispanic — I am using “Anglo” just as a linguistic marker) Americans are heading for minority status. Bill Clinton was exulting over the prospect a decade ago. Interesting to see the numbers in detail, though, and the state-by-state disparities.
Four states and the District of Columbia are “majority-minority.” Hawaii led the nation with a population that was 75 percent minority in 2006, followed by the District of Columbia (68 percent), New Mexico (57 percent), California (57 percent), and Texas (52 percent).
The economic sidebars are interesting, too:
[Demographer Dr. Mark] Mather said the three most homogeneous states — Maine, Vermont, and West Virginia — spent the highest proportion of their gross state product on public education.
This reinforces a number of findings from recent years suggesting that people are much more willing to be taxed for the benefit of people like themselves than for the benefit of the Other. Old people already grumble about paying taxes to support extravagant educational establishments. As the racial generation gap opens up, with the oldsters being noticeably more white and Anglo than the kids being educated, the grumbling will escalate into action — most likely, the simple action of yet further residential segregation, the old and white-Anglo living here, the young and dark Hispanic living there.
Though, of course, the unwillingness to be taxed to support the Other cuts both ways. How will a majority nonwhite young workforce feel about paying out income and Social Security taxes for the sustenance of old, white Anglos? I don’t know about you, dear reader, but I, at least, have looked forward glumly to my last days, most likely spent stuck, incapable, in some cruddy nursing home with a bunch of other helpless white geezers, my daily needs in the hands of resentful black and brown orderlies whose educations featured long catalogs of the wrongs done to Them by Us.
Back of all that is the question: As white Anglos decline into a minority, will we see the rise of white-Anglo race consciousness? The common understanding at present is that open expressions of race consciousness are taboo for white-Anglo Americans, but just fine for everyone else. A leading black presidential candidate subtitles his best-selling biography “A Story of Race and Inheritance”; the main lobbying organization for Hispanics carries the proud title “National Council of the Race”; and so on. This word is, however, not available to white-Anglo Americans in reference to themselves, and white-Anglo Americans are indoctrinated from childhood to believe, or to pretend to believe, that race is an empty category.
This taboo is left over from the old pre-1960s order of unassailable (as it then seemed) white-Anglo supremacy. It was really just a form of noblesse oblige, a patronizing courtesy from the vast-majority race, who owned and ran pretty much everything in the U.S. up to about 40 years ago, to minorities about whom they nursed a mildly guilty conscience.
Noblesse oblige is a wonderfully satisfying, self-flattering attitude: “Look at me — not only powerful and rich, but gracious and kind, too!” Whether it can survive as white Anglos dwindle to minority status is not clear to me. It might: it runs strong today among the white-Anglo inhabitants of Washington, D.C., even though they are (see above) only 32 percent of the population there. I suppose it depends how the economics shakes down.
Hispanics accounted for almost half (1.4 million) of the national population growth of 2.9 million between July 1, 2005 and July 1, 2006... The Hispanic population in 2006 was much younger, with a median age of 27.4 compared with the population as a whole at 36.4.
It is quite possible that Americans alive today will live to see the nation become majority Hispanic. Did anyone ever think this would happen, prior to a few short years ago? Well into the 1960s, Mexico was an inconsequential place, a joke place, while the other Central American nations simply did not register at all. You went to Acapulco for an exotic vacation, got a nasty case of Montezuma’s revenge, and came home with some colorful handicraft trinkets to put on your mantel shelf. That aside, you never thought about Central America from one year’s end to the next. The highest level that Mexicans rose to in the American imagination was the vaguely sentimental portrayals in the works of southwestern writers like Willa Cather.
The inconsequentiality was numerical, too. In midcentury there was one Mexican per four or five Americans. The place was underpopulated. The few thousand Mexicans who drifted across the border looking for work could easily be rounded up and deported if they became an inconvenience, as in Eisenhower’s famous “Operation *******.” There were no limits at all on legal immigration from the Western hemisphere until the 1965 Immigration Act, none being thought necessary. An annual quota of 120,000 was imposed by that act; but this was just a low-value bone thrown to key members of the Senate Judiciary Committee (Everett Dirksen and Sam Ervin) by Teddy Kennedy to get the bill through. Nobody cared about Hispanic immigration; no-one thought it consequential.
Now there are 110 million Mexicans to the U.S.’s 300 million, with corresponding numbers of Hispanics further south. If you count the 20 or 30 million Mexicans actually living here, legally or illegally, the Mexican-American ratio must actually be about one to two. Unfortunately Mexico’s great late-20th-century population boom was boomier, and longer-lasting, than that nation’s economic boom, which fizzled out around 1980. Not only were mid-20th-century Central American populations numerically insignificant until recently; the economic gap between their sleepy, stagnant economies and our vibrant one was less then that it is today, after several more decades of sleepy stagnation on their part, vibrancy on ours.
And so white-Anglo America slips into minority status. Probably we never wanted it to happen. Probably, if asked around 1970 whether it ought to happen, most of us would have said no. The topic never rose to the status of a major political issue among the mass of Americans, though. The coming presidential election will be the first in my lifetime to have immigration as a major theme.
If Americans minded what was happening, they didn’t mind enough to stop it. To be sure, their indifference was aided and abetted by the late 20th-century browbeating campaigns by cultural elites on behalf of “diversity,” “political correctness,” and racial guilt; but Americans didn’t seem to mind those much, either — not enough to rebel against them in any significant way.
If there is any large general historical lesson to be taken from all this, it is that a population as prosperous, secure, well-employed, and well-entertained as the white Anglos of late 20th-century America, and as confident of its own cultural superiority, cannot be made to care much about matters of ethnic identity, and may altogether lose the habit of thinking in such terms.
Whether this ethnic insouciance will survive the coming great demographic changes, I don’t know. Things have gone so far now that there is very little we can do but wait and see.
Towards a White Minority?
you have pointed out some interesting facts...I have paid into social security since I was 12 years old and took on my first full time job (42 hours a week) and I have a voice...I do not care what is PC, when I am old and my voice is weak...I will get a bull horn and still demand my rights as a tax paying American with an ancestral history that fought to keep this country free...everyone else who speaks against me because of my race can kiss my wrinkled butt..I want to be treated as an equal, I don't expect *special* treatment.
Reply:White minority should never happen. It would suck! Report It
Reply:Well it's hard to reproduce your own offspring, when you have to work harder and longer to pay for all the kids they are having at will and have no business doing it. they know they will get help so what the hell do they need to stop for? I understand diversity and have no problem with it, but if you sit there and say what I said isn't happening, Get in the car with me oneday and I have your mind changed.
Reply:...yawn...
Reply:that was wayyy to much to read! Face fact, times are changing, there's going to be a more diverse American.
Reply:WHAT THE HECK IS YOUR QUESTION?
Reply:I read some similar observations and questions to this post recently when I was researching David Duke of the American Ku Klux Klan and other white supremist organizations for a history project. Frankly, I can't wait for the golden age, when all the races are blended and melded into various shades of gold. Talk about genetic heterogeneity and robustness!
Reply:I don't know if you have a question in there somewhere or not? As far as all the information, I have a couple of comments.
1) I am half Asian, half Caucasian. When I get a census, I check on the "asian" line. When I applied for a job, I did the same. Why? Because I wanted to be a minority. Why? When I was 15 I applied for a job as a secretary. I interviewed and tested for the job. I typed 120 wpm, and I killed every other applicant on the grammar and math tests. Know what they told me? Sorry - we have to hire a hispanic person for this job and we can't hire you. I had checked "caucasian" on the application.
2) Considering the above, think of all the mixed racial marriages there are today. Hispanics marrying caucasians. Blacks marrying caucasians. Asians marrying caucasians.
Now - you send a census out and all of their children may check a minority status instead of straight caucasian. That would explain why our minority categories are growing at such a fast rate.
3) My son is 1/4 asian, 3/4 caucasian. When we fill out a census, we STILL put asian :-)
4) It is possible that in future it would benefit my son to check "caucasian" LOL!
All of this said, I am happy that our country is turning into an even broader melting pot. I love that there are tons of mixed marriages. I think that is good, healthy, and the best way I know how to eliminate racism.
However, I am indeed concerned that we will just create another minority (caucasians). I am concerned that people STILL look at skin color when hiring for jobs, picking friends, making judgement. When the day comes that there is no place to check on a form at all, I will be happy.
Reply:do you thank white is realy the dieing breed.
Reply:Affirmative action for white people... anybody... anybody??? no thats right white people actually want equaltiy!
Reply:k*lane, please, don't speak as the voice of my race. Not only have you gotten sentiment wrong for at least some of those you self-appointedly represent, you miss the point entirely. If someone was to ask you what the dominent race, in terms of numbers, is in the US, the answer would be white. What is concerning is the loss of cultural identity, through being swamped by minorities. Fair enough they deserve equality, but the US history is one of a white nation. If America does not STAY a white nation, the people cannot call that history their own, now can they.
Though I must concur with the 'what is the actual question' comment.
Reply:Change is America.
Reply:Is a pattern. White, English people kill the Native Americans and they became the dominant race in this country. Now, Hispanics are becoming the dominant race, just learn to live with it. Then, somebody else will become the dominant race.
Reply:If the majority of our citizens are of Mexican ancestry in 50 years or so, what history will they teach in school? The history of the United States, a country founded by a different racial and cultural group, or the history of Mexico? Perhaps both? But which will be given more respect, more admiration? I'm afraid I know the answer, and that is what scares me.
Reply:Your rant is a little long. You might want to state your case, give a few examples, and include a link for those who want more information.
Reply:This is a free country. If you want to quit spawning, that's not my problem.
Reply:The planet earth is a very small speck of dust in this vast universe. The inhabitants of this speck are all biological blueprints of one another. What we consider color difference is nothing more than variations of brown determined by the environment of the place where different people evolved. God has provided everything needed for everyone to be very happy. Unfortunately human nature has taken these gifts and determined that they should be distributed according to self determined guidelines of color, affluence, and many other indicators of false pride. Life is what you make it.
Did you see those demographic stats in the New York Times last week?
The Census Bureau estimated yesterday that from July 1, 2005 to July 1, 2006, the nation’s minority population grew to 100.7 million from 98.3 million... Nearly half the children under age 5 are Hispanic, black or Asian... 80 percent of Americans over age 60 are non-Hispanic whites, compared with only 60 percent among those in their 20s and 30s, and 58 percent among people younger than 20...
(Some of the quotes in what follows are from the NYT story; the others are from the actual U.S. Census Bureau news release from which the story is abstracted.)
It is not news that white Anglo (i.e. white non-Hispanic — I am using “Anglo” just as a linguistic marker) Americans are heading for minority status. Bill Clinton was exulting over the prospect a decade ago. Interesting to see the numbers in detail, though, and the state-by-state disparities.
Four states and the District of Columbia are “majority-minority.” Hawaii led the nation with a population that was 75 percent minority in 2006, followed by the District of Columbia (68 percent), New Mexico (57 percent), California (57 percent), and Texas (52 percent).
The economic sidebars are interesting, too:
[Demographer Dr. Mark] Mather said the three most homogeneous states — Maine, Vermont, and West Virginia — spent the highest proportion of their gross state product on public education.
This reinforces a number of findings from recent years suggesting that people are much more willing to be taxed for the benefit of people like themselves than for the benefit of the Other. Old people already grumble about paying taxes to support extravagant educational establishments. As the racial generation gap opens up, with the oldsters being noticeably more white and Anglo than the kids being educated, the grumbling will escalate into action — most likely, the simple action of yet further residential segregation, the old and white-Anglo living here, the young and dark Hispanic living there.
Though, of course, the unwillingness to be taxed to support the Other cuts both ways. How will a majority nonwhite young workforce feel about paying out income and Social Security taxes for the sustenance of old, white Anglos? I don’t know about you, dear reader, but I, at least, have looked forward glumly to my last days, most likely spent stuck, incapable, in some cruddy nursing home with a bunch of other helpless white geezers, my daily needs in the hands of resentful black and brown orderlies whose educations featured long catalogs of the wrongs done to Them by Us.
Back of all that is the question: As white Anglos decline into a minority, will we see the rise of white-Anglo race consciousness? The common understanding at present is that open expressions of race consciousness are taboo for white-Anglo Americans, but just fine for everyone else. A leading black presidential candidate subtitles his best-selling biography “A Story of Race and Inheritance”; the main lobbying organization for Hispanics carries the proud title “National Council of the Race”; and so on. This word is, however, not available to white-Anglo Americans in reference to themselves, and white-Anglo Americans are indoctrinated from childhood to believe, or to pretend to believe, that race is an empty category.
This taboo is left over from the old pre-1960s order of unassailable (as it then seemed) white-Anglo supremacy. It was really just a form of noblesse oblige, a patronizing courtesy from the vast-majority race, who owned and ran pretty much everything in the U.S. up to about 40 years ago, to minorities about whom they nursed a mildly guilty conscience.
Noblesse oblige is a wonderfully satisfying, self-flattering attitude: “Look at me — not only powerful and rich, but gracious and kind, too!” Whether it can survive as white Anglos dwindle to minority status is not clear to me. It might: it runs strong today among the white-Anglo inhabitants of Washington, D.C., even though they are (see above) only 32 percent of the population there. I suppose it depends how the economics shakes down.
Hispanics accounted for almost half (1.4 million) of the national population growth of 2.9 million between July 1, 2005 and July 1, 2006... The Hispanic population in 2006 was much younger, with a median age of 27.4 compared with the population as a whole at 36.4.
It is quite possible that Americans alive today will live to see the nation become majority Hispanic. Did anyone ever think this would happen, prior to a few short years ago? Well into the 1960s, Mexico was an inconsequential place, a joke place, while the other Central American nations simply did not register at all. You went to Acapulco for an exotic vacation, got a nasty case of Montezuma’s revenge, and came home with some colorful handicraft trinkets to put on your mantel shelf. That aside, you never thought about Central America from one year’s end to the next. The highest level that Mexicans rose to in the American imagination was the vaguely sentimental portrayals in the works of southwestern writers like Willa Cather.
The inconsequentiality was numerical, too. In midcentury there was one Mexican per four or five Americans. The place was underpopulated. The few thousand Mexicans who drifted across the border looking for work could easily be rounded up and deported if they became an inconvenience, as in Eisenhower’s famous “Operation *******.” There were no limits at all on legal immigration from the Western hemisphere until the 1965 Immigration Act, none being thought necessary. An annual quota of 120,000 was imposed by that act; but this was just a low-value bone thrown to key members of the Senate Judiciary Committee (Everett Dirksen and Sam Ervin) by Teddy Kennedy to get the bill through. Nobody cared about Hispanic immigration; no-one thought it consequential.
Now there are 110 million Mexicans to the U.S.’s 300 million, with corresponding numbers of Hispanics further south. If you count the 20 or 30 million Mexicans actually living here, legally or illegally, the Mexican-American ratio must actually be about one to two. Unfortunately Mexico’s great late-20th-century population boom was boomier, and longer-lasting, than that nation’s economic boom, which fizzled out around 1980. Not only were mid-20th-century Central American populations numerically insignificant until recently; the economic gap between their sleepy, stagnant economies and our vibrant one was less then that it is today, after several more decades of sleepy stagnation on their part, vibrancy on ours.
And so white-Anglo America slips into minority status. Probably we never wanted it to happen. Probably, if asked around 1970 whether it ought to happen, most of us would have said no. The topic never rose to the status of a major political issue among the mass of Americans, though. The coming presidential election will be the first in my lifetime to have immigration as a major theme.
If Americans minded what was happening, they didn’t mind enough to stop it. To be sure, their indifference was aided and abetted by the late 20th-century browbeating campaigns by cultural elites on behalf of “diversity,” “political correctness,” and racial guilt; but Americans didn’t seem to mind those much, either — not enough to rebel against them in any significant way.
If there is any large general historical lesson to be taken from all this, it is that a population as prosperous, secure, well-employed, and well-entertained as the white Anglos of late 20th-century America, and as confident of its own cultural superiority, cannot be made to care much about matters of ethnic identity, and may altogether lose the habit of thinking in such terms.
Whether this ethnic insouciance will survive the coming great demographic changes, I don’t know. Things have gone so far now that there is very little we can do but wait and see.
Towards a White Minority?
you have pointed out some interesting facts...I have paid into social security since I was 12 years old and took on my first full time job (42 hours a week) and I have a voice...I do not care what is PC, when I am old and my voice is weak...I will get a bull horn and still demand my rights as a tax paying American with an ancestral history that fought to keep this country free...everyone else who speaks against me because of my race can kiss my wrinkled butt..I want to be treated as an equal, I don't expect *special* treatment.
Reply:White minority should never happen. It would suck! Report It
Reply:Well it's hard to reproduce your own offspring, when you have to work harder and longer to pay for all the kids they are having at will and have no business doing it. they know they will get help so what the hell do they need to stop for? I understand diversity and have no problem with it, but if you sit there and say what I said isn't happening, Get in the car with me oneday and I have your mind changed.
Reply:...yawn...
Reply:that was wayyy to much to read! Face fact, times are changing, there's going to be a more diverse American.
Reply:WHAT THE HECK IS YOUR QUESTION?
Reply:I read some similar observations and questions to this post recently when I was researching David Duke of the American Ku Klux Klan and other white supremist organizations for a history project. Frankly, I can't wait for the golden age, when all the races are blended and melded into various shades of gold. Talk about genetic heterogeneity and robustness!
Reply:I don't know if you have a question in there somewhere or not? As far as all the information, I have a couple of comments.
1) I am half Asian, half Caucasian. When I get a census, I check on the "asian" line. When I applied for a job, I did the same. Why? Because I wanted to be a minority. Why? When I was 15 I applied for a job as a secretary. I interviewed and tested for the job. I typed 120 wpm, and I killed every other applicant on the grammar and math tests. Know what they told me? Sorry - we have to hire a hispanic person for this job and we can't hire you. I had checked "caucasian" on the application.
2) Considering the above, think of all the mixed racial marriages there are today. Hispanics marrying caucasians. Blacks marrying caucasians. Asians marrying caucasians.
Now - you send a census out and all of their children may check a minority status instead of straight caucasian. That would explain why our minority categories are growing at such a fast rate.
3) My son is 1/4 asian, 3/4 caucasian. When we fill out a census, we STILL put asian :-)
4) It is possible that in future it would benefit my son to check "caucasian" LOL!
All of this said, I am happy that our country is turning into an even broader melting pot. I love that there are tons of mixed marriages. I think that is good, healthy, and the best way I know how to eliminate racism.
However, I am indeed concerned that we will just create another minority (caucasians). I am concerned that people STILL look at skin color when hiring for jobs, picking friends, making judgement. When the day comes that there is no place to check on a form at all, I will be happy.
Reply:do you thank white is realy the dieing breed.
Reply:Affirmative action for white people... anybody... anybody??? no thats right white people actually want equaltiy!
Reply:k*lane, please, don't speak as the voice of my race. Not only have you gotten sentiment wrong for at least some of those you self-appointedly represent, you miss the point entirely. If someone was to ask you what the dominent race, in terms of numbers, is in the US, the answer would be white. What is concerning is the loss of cultural identity, through being swamped by minorities. Fair enough they deserve equality, but the US history is one of a white nation. If America does not STAY a white nation, the people cannot call that history their own, now can they.
Though I must concur with the 'what is the actual question' comment.
Reply:Change is America.
Reply:Is a pattern. White, English people kill the Native Americans and they became the dominant race in this country. Now, Hispanics are becoming the dominant race, just learn to live with it. Then, somebody else will become the dominant race.
Reply:If the majority of our citizens are of Mexican ancestry in 50 years or so, what history will they teach in school? The history of the United States, a country founded by a different racial and cultural group, or the history of Mexico? Perhaps both? But which will be given more respect, more admiration? I'm afraid I know the answer, and that is what scares me.
Reply:Your rant is a little long. You might want to state your case, give a few examples, and include a link for those who want more information.
Reply:This is a free country. If you want to quit spawning, that's not my problem.
Reply:The planet earth is a very small speck of dust in this vast universe. The inhabitants of this speck are all biological blueprints of one another. What we consider color difference is nothing more than variations of brown determined by the environment of the place where different people evolved. God has provided everything needed for everyone to be very happy. Unfortunately human nature has taken these gifts and determined that they should be distributed according to self determined guidelines of color, affluence, and many other indicators of false pride. Life is what you make it.
Gregor Mendel was a monk who, in 1865, suggested a theory of?
inheritance based on the science of genetics. He identified heterozygous individuals for flower color that had two alleles (one r=recessive white color allele and one R=dominant red color allele). When these individuals where mated, 3/4 of the ofsprings where observed to have red flowers and 1/4 had white flowers.
We assume that each parent is equally likely to give either of the two alleles and that, if either one of two of the alleles in a pair is dominant (R), the offspring will have red flowers.
a) What is the probability that an offspring in this mating has at least one dominant allele?
b) What is the probabolity that an offspring has at least one recessive allele?
c) What is the probability that an offspring has one recessive allele, given that the offspring has red flowers?
Gregor Mendel was a monk who, in 1865, suggested a theory of?
Given your assumption for the parents, the four equally-likely possibilities for their offspring are RR, Rr, rR, rr. Therefore:
a) the probability is 3/4 or 75% that an offspring will have at least one dominant allele (R)
b) the probability is also 3/4 or 75% that an offspring will have at least one recessive allele (r)
c) of the 3/4 that will have red flowers, 2/3 or 66.7% will have one recessive allele (r)
********
I don't know who keeps giving thumbs down to those who answered 2/3 for c) and thumbs up to those who said 1/2, but you are mistaken.
The question limits you to the offspring with red flowers. Of those, all will have at least one dominant allele, and two will have one dominant and one recessive allele. Which means 2/3 of those with red flowers will have one recessive allele. Which is 66.7%
Reply:siennaraine is correct
(a) 0.75
(b) 0.75
(c) 0.50
Reply:This can be solved by examination. The possible combinations are: rr, Rr, rR and RR.
a) Probability of at least 1 dominant trait: 3/4 (Second, third, and fourth of four possible)
b) Probability of at least 1 recessive trait: 3/4 (First, second, and third of four possible)
c) Probability of 1 recessive given red flowers: Possible arrangements are Rr, rR and RR, so 2/3 (First and second)
Reply:Each parent has an equal chance of giving a dominant (R) or recessive (r) allele.
The offspring will get one allele from each parent. Here are the possible combinations of alleles that the offspring can inherit.
RR, Rr, rR, rr Each one of the combinations have an equal chance of occuring since each parent has equal chance of giving R or r.
so,
25% will be RR --%26gt;red
25% will be Rr --%26gt;red
25% will be rR --%26gt;red
25% will be rr --%26gt;white
a) Knowing all that, what percent of offspring have at least one dominant (R) allele?
b) What percent have at least one recessive (r) allele?
c) Looking only at the offspring that are red, what percent of those has one recessive (r) allele?
Hint: Among your red offspring, you will have these allele pairs (RR, Rr, and rR) all in equal proportions.
Reply:a) 44% b) 30% c) 0%
Reply:a) 3 in 4 (75%) will have at least one dominant "R" allele
b) 3 in 4 (75%) will have at least one recessive "r" allele
c) 1 in 2 (50%) will have one recessive "r" allele, and be red.
Reply:a.) 75%
b.) 75%
c.) 67%(two thirds)
If you do the punnett square for the cross then you get one offspring that has two dominant alleles, two offspring have one dominant allele and one recessive allele, and one offspring has two recessive alleles.
Reply:I am not sure if you are asking about the crossing of two heterozygous parents, if that is what you need to know. Then
a.) 75%
b.) 75%
c.) 50%
Edit: Where are these people getting 2/3, that is completely wrong. Given their genotypes of (R,R), (R,r), (r, R), and (r, r). 2 out of 4 will have a recessive allele and a dominant allele giving them the red phenotype. Last time I checked 2/4 is 1/2 is 50%. You are not asked to completely negate the existence of white phenotype.
We assume that each parent is equally likely to give either of the two alleles and that, if either one of two of the alleles in a pair is dominant (R), the offspring will have red flowers.
a) What is the probability that an offspring in this mating has at least one dominant allele?
b) What is the probabolity that an offspring has at least one recessive allele?
c) What is the probability that an offspring has one recessive allele, given that the offspring has red flowers?
Gregor Mendel was a monk who, in 1865, suggested a theory of?
Given your assumption for the parents, the four equally-likely possibilities for their offspring are RR, Rr, rR, rr. Therefore:
a) the probability is 3/4 or 75% that an offspring will have at least one dominant allele (R)
b) the probability is also 3/4 or 75% that an offspring will have at least one recessive allele (r)
c) of the 3/4 that will have red flowers, 2/3 or 66.7% will have one recessive allele (r)
********
I don't know who keeps giving thumbs down to those who answered 2/3 for c) and thumbs up to those who said 1/2, but you are mistaken.
The question limits you to the offspring with red flowers. Of those, all will have at least one dominant allele, and two will have one dominant and one recessive allele. Which means 2/3 of those with red flowers will have one recessive allele. Which is 66.7%
Reply:siennaraine is correct
(a) 0.75
(b) 0.75
(c) 0.50
Reply:This can be solved by examination. The possible combinations are: rr, Rr, rR and RR.
a) Probability of at least 1 dominant trait: 3/4 (Second, third, and fourth of four possible)
b) Probability of at least 1 recessive trait: 3/4 (First, second, and third of four possible)
c) Probability of 1 recessive given red flowers: Possible arrangements are Rr, rR and RR, so 2/3 (First and second)
Reply:Each parent has an equal chance of giving a dominant (R) or recessive (r) allele.
The offspring will get one allele from each parent. Here are the possible combinations of alleles that the offspring can inherit.
RR, Rr, rR, rr Each one of the combinations have an equal chance of occuring since each parent has equal chance of giving R or r.
so,
25% will be RR --%26gt;red
25% will be Rr --%26gt;red
25% will be rR --%26gt;red
25% will be rr --%26gt;white
a) Knowing all that, what percent of offspring have at least one dominant (R) allele?
b) What percent have at least one recessive (r) allele?
c) Looking only at the offspring that are red, what percent of those has one recessive (r) allele?
Hint: Among your red offspring, you will have these allele pairs (RR, Rr, and rR) all in equal proportions.
Reply:a) 44% b) 30% c) 0%
Reply:a) 3 in 4 (75%) will have at least one dominant "R" allele
b) 3 in 4 (75%) will have at least one recessive "r" allele
c) 1 in 2 (50%) will have one recessive "r" allele, and be red.
Reply:a.) 75%
b.) 75%
c.) 67%(two thirds)
If you do the punnett square for the cross then you get one offspring that has two dominant alleles, two offspring have one dominant allele and one recessive allele, and one offspring has two recessive alleles.
Reply:I am not sure if you are asking about the crossing of two heterozygous parents, if that is what you need to know. Then
a.) 75%
b.) 75%
c.) 50%
Edit: Where are these people getting 2/3, that is completely wrong. Given their genotypes of (R,R), (R,r), (r, R), and (r, r). 2 out of 4 will have a recessive allele and a dominant allele giving them the red phenotype. Last time I checked 2/4 is 1/2 is 50%. You are not asked to completely negate the existence of white phenotype.
Genetics homework help?
Just 3 problems I'm having a little trouble with:
In the fruit fly, vestigial wings and hairy body are produced by recessive alleles on to different chromosomes. If a vestigial winged, hairy male is crossed with a homozygous normal female, what ratios of phenotype and genotype do you expect in the F1 and F2 generations?
When two short-tailed cats mate, about half of the kittens have short tails, a quarter have long tails, and a quarter have no tails. What is the simplest genetic explanation for the inheritance of this trait?
In peas, the allele for tall plants (T) is dominant over the allele for short plants (t). On a separate chromosome, the allele for smooth peas (S) is dominant over the allele for wrinkled peas (s). Calculate phenotypic ratios for the following crosses:
a. TtSs x TtSs
b. TtSs x ttss
c. ttSs x Ttss
d. TTss x ttSS
Genetics homework help?
Here is a link to a Word document with the answers to the problems with explanations. Look at problem numbers: 5, 6, and 11:
http://library.millsaps.edu/reserves/arm...
Reply:#1: recessive allele-v(vestigial); h(hairy)
normal: VVHH- homozygous
cross: VVHH with vvhh
F1: phenotype 100% normal
genotype 100% geterozygous for both traits
F2: phenotype ratio is 9:3:3:1
#2: Because 50% of a genotype has short tail, this trait must be dominant(S). Possible options for cross:Ss or SS. Quarter of the offspring has no tails, therefore only cross between Ss and Ss can give such result.
#3: a. 9:3:3:1
b. 1:1:1:1
c.1:1:1:1
d. 100% tall with wrinkled peas
In the fruit fly, vestigial wings and hairy body are produced by recessive alleles on to different chromosomes. If a vestigial winged, hairy male is crossed with a homozygous normal female, what ratios of phenotype and genotype do you expect in the F1 and F2 generations?
When two short-tailed cats mate, about half of the kittens have short tails, a quarter have long tails, and a quarter have no tails. What is the simplest genetic explanation for the inheritance of this trait?
In peas, the allele for tall plants (T) is dominant over the allele for short plants (t). On a separate chromosome, the allele for smooth peas (S) is dominant over the allele for wrinkled peas (s). Calculate phenotypic ratios for the following crosses:
a. TtSs x TtSs
b. TtSs x ttss
c. ttSs x Ttss
d. TTss x ttSS
Genetics homework help?
Here is a link to a Word document with the answers to the problems with explanations. Look at problem numbers: 5, 6, and 11:
http://library.millsaps.edu/reserves/arm...
Reply:#1: recessive allele-v(vestigial); h(hairy)
normal: VVHH- homozygous
cross: VVHH with vvhh
F1: phenotype 100% normal
genotype 100% geterozygous for both traits
F2: phenotype ratio is 9:3:3:1
#2: Because 50% of a genotype has short tail, this trait must be dominant(S). Possible options for cross:Ss or SS. Quarter of the offspring has no tails, therefore only cross between Ss and Ss can give such result.
#3: a. 9:3:3:1
b. 1:1:1:1
c.1:1:1:1
d. 100% tall with wrinkled peas
According to Mendel's principle of segregation, ______?
A. more gametes carrying the dominant allele are produced than gametes carrying the recessive allele
B. gametes have one copy of each allele
C. homologous chromosomes move to the same gamete
D. gametes are diploid
E. each pair of alleles segregates into gametes
Marfan's syndrome is the result of inheriting a single allele. Individuals with Marfan's syndrome are tall and long-limbed, and have both cardiovascular and eye defects. The inheritance of Marfan's syndrome is an example of ______.
gene linkage
incomplete dominance
a recessive disorder
pleiotropy
codominance
According to Mendel's principle of segregation, ______?
According to the principle of segregation, alleles pass from the parent to the offspring, but only one of the possible alleles passes, thus the alleles are segregated. So, answer A is nonsensical according to Mendel's other principle (independent assortment) which means that each allele has equal chance of being represented in the gamete, so this means that dominant and recessive alleles should produce the same number of gametes. Answer B is also nonsensical since gametes have one copy of one allele, not one copy of each allele. Answer C is wrong based on what you know about meiosis (homologous chromosomes are separated into different gametes), and is wrong because it has nothing to do with the principle of segregation. Answer D is wrong because as you know, meiosis produces haploid (not diploid)(cells). Answer E therefore is the only one left and is the correct description of the principle of segregation.
In the question about Marfan's, since the gene is inherited as a single allele, it can't be a recessive disorder. It is possible that in Marfan's, there may be gene linkage, incomplete dominance and possibly codominance. However, the question isn't asking that and it gives you the clue as to what the question is asking by giving you several phenotypic effects of the inheritance of a single allele (which is the definition of pleiotropy).
Reply:E.
Reply:Yeah......its what N.E.said......
survey monkey
B. gametes have one copy of each allele
C. homologous chromosomes move to the same gamete
D. gametes are diploid
E. each pair of alleles segregates into gametes
Marfan's syndrome is the result of inheriting a single allele. Individuals with Marfan's syndrome are tall and long-limbed, and have both cardiovascular and eye defects. The inheritance of Marfan's syndrome is an example of ______.
gene linkage
incomplete dominance
a recessive disorder
pleiotropy
codominance
According to Mendel's principle of segregation, ______?
According to the principle of segregation, alleles pass from the parent to the offspring, but only one of the possible alleles passes, thus the alleles are segregated. So, answer A is nonsensical according to Mendel's other principle (independent assortment) which means that each allele has equal chance of being represented in the gamete, so this means that dominant and recessive alleles should produce the same number of gametes. Answer B is also nonsensical since gametes have one copy of one allele, not one copy of each allele. Answer C is wrong based on what you know about meiosis (homologous chromosomes are separated into different gametes), and is wrong because it has nothing to do with the principle of segregation. Answer D is wrong because as you know, meiosis produces haploid (not diploid)(cells). Answer E therefore is the only one left and is the correct description of the principle of segregation.
In the question about Marfan's, since the gene is inherited as a single allele, it can't be a recessive disorder. It is possible that in Marfan's, there may be gene linkage, incomplete dominance and possibly codominance. However, the question isn't asking that and it gives you the clue as to what the question is asking by giving you several phenotypic effects of the inheritance of a single allele (which is the definition of pleiotropy).
Reply:E.
Reply:Yeah......its what N.E.said......
survey monkey
Pre-Nup?? What do you guys think?
Just a question. I am torn with this one. I feel that it shouldnt be about the money but what if one person was to get a large inheritance and it didnt work out? Should you have to split that 50/50?? I dont think that would be fair to do but under different circumstances I might feel that everything should be split 50/50. And I really dont want to hear about trust and love b/c I am completely in love with my soon to be and we both trust each other~it's the what if that is my question
Pre-Nup?? What do you guys think?
If you're looking at what-ifs, you'll want a pre-nup. You're completely in love now, but what if that changes in the future? A pre-nup can be made so that it protects you both if you get a divorce in the future. A pre-nup can be fair so that you are both provided for. If you're really in love, there won't be a problem drafting a pre-nup that in the best interest for you both.
Reply:Just in the case of the events you are talking about, I have left the money I am leaving to my kids in a trust fund for the grandkids. That way there is nothing for the married couple who is splitting to fight over.
Reply:If this concerns you (as I'm sure it does with a great many people, so don't be worried!) it sounds as if you shouldn't be getting married.
Get married for these reasons:
1) Religious reasons - at which point there will be no splitting, even if it turns out the relationship takes a nose-dive after the wedding.
2) Visa reasons - if two people from differant countries have to marry to be in the same place at the same time, or
3) Legal reasons - the legal binding of two people finantially amungst other things.
If you are in love that's awesome, but you need not get married. If your relationship is strong and stable, you should not need to be wed - and if there is talk of pre nups then I'd say it's a pretty good reason to not get married.
If you can think of a what if, you are not trusting yourself or your partner as much as you'd like to think.
Of course, if you re not trusting yourself or your parter as much as you'd hope - THEN GET PRE NUPS!!
Hope this helped.
P.S - I'm married with no pre-nups for reason number two (I'm English my hubby is American) - I have a larger inheritance then him and I shall share with him every penny of it! He is my love and my life.
Reply:It would depend on the state you live in if they would get half. In NC the answer is a very loud YES! My Stepfather had a house for many years before he married his ex-wife and when she left him for another man he filed for divorce. She was entitled to half on everything, and he couldn't afford to pay her out of the house. He was forced to sell what he considered his family home. Just a thought for ya!
Reply:That's what a pre-nup is for...the what if's. Marriage is not a guarantee...it's a gamble....and it's also a merging of assets. Neither you or your partner can predict what will happen 10 years down the road. A pre-nup is giving you some security IF things don't work out. I'm making my fiance sign one...sure, it's a bit unromantic but it is the responsible thing to do.
Reply:Love is love but business is business. If either (or both) party stands to lose significantly in the event of a divorce, then a prenup is the only way to go.
Reply:yeah i would get one.. you never know what could happen in the future..who knows prince charming.may develop a habit that you can not live with.. drinking.. women.. drugs... etc..or he just may want to live..or you might who knows.. get one that benifits the both of you..
Reply:Pre Nups are good. At first you may have question but its worth it. I think they are a good way of maning your financial affairs without having to argue about it. Pre-Nups and financial agreements make things alot easier.
Reply:Check the laws in your state first. An inheritance may not be considered "community property", especially if you do nothing to let those assets intermingle with other jointly held assets (like depositing the money into the joint checking account, putting a title to a house in both of your names, etc.). If the inheritance can be treated and kept as the sole property of the receiver and not a marital asset, you might be able to avoid the "ugliness" of a prenup.
Otherwise, I think it is perfectly legitimate to ask a potential spouse for a prenup on that condition alone...and you may find out if they really only want you for your inheritance!
Reply:This is why i do not like marriage. marriage is too easy to get out of. If it were not, there would be no need for a pre-nup. But, because it is, i would highly recommend a pre-nup for every marriage. What happened to the death do us part section of the contract? Why would you want to split 50/50 under certain circumstances? Is it because YOU will be the1 with the inheritance in this scenario/hypothetical? And please do not tell me the other party in the marriage is inheriting IT. Either way, it will be yours if married. Why are you torn? What does trust and love have to do with it, right. Is it not trust and love that bind the 2 of you together and are the reason you want marriage in the 1st place? It is never about the money until YOU are the 1 that has it. If one marries for love, that is great, leave the money out of it, and if for money, that's great too, leave the love out of it, unless one loves money.
Pre-Nup?? What do you guys think?
If you're looking at what-ifs, you'll want a pre-nup. You're completely in love now, but what if that changes in the future? A pre-nup can be made so that it protects you both if you get a divorce in the future. A pre-nup can be fair so that you are both provided for. If you're really in love, there won't be a problem drafting a pre-nup that in the best interest for you both.
Reply:Just in the case of the events you are talking about, I have left the money I am leaving to my kids in a trust fund for the grandkids. That way there is nothing for the married couple who is splitting to fight over.
Reply:If this concerns you (as I'm sure it does with a great many people, so don't be worried!) it sounds as if you shouldn't be getting married.
Get married for these reasons:
1) Religious reasons - at which point there will be no splitting, even if it turns out the relationship takes a nose-dive after the wedding.
2) Visa reasons - if two people from differant countries have to marry to be in the same place at the same time, or
3) Legal reasons - the legal binding of two people finantially amungst other things.
If you are in love that's awesome, but you need not get married. If your relationship is strong and stable, you should not need to be wed - and if there is talk of pre nups then I'd say it's a pretty good reason to not get married.
If you can think of a what if, you are not trusting yourself or your partner as much as you'd like to think.
Of course, if you re not trusting yourself or your parter as much as you'd hope - THEN GET PRE NUPS!!
Hope this helped.
P.S - I'm married with no pre-nups for reason number two (I'm English my hubby is American) - I have a larger inheritance then him and I shall share with him every penny of it! He is my love and my life.
Reply:It would depend on the state you live in if they would get half. In NC the answer is a very loud YES! My Stepfather had a house for many years before he married his ex-wife and when she left him for another man he filed for divorce. She was entitled to half on everything, and he couldn't afford to pay her out of the house. He was forced to sell what he considered his family home. Just a thought for ya!
Reply:That's what a pre-nup is for...the what if's. Marriage is not a guarantee...it's a gamble....and it's also a merging of assets. Neither you or your partner can predict what will happen 10 years down the road. A pre-nup is giving you some security IF things don't work out. I'm making my fiance sign one...sure, it's a bit unromantic but it is the responsible thing to do.
Reply:Love is love but business is business. If either (or both) party stands to lose significantly in the event of a divorce, then a prenup is the only way to go.
Reply:yeah i would get one.. you never know what could happen in the future..who knows prince charming.may develop a habit that you can not live with.. drinking.. women.. drugs... etc..or he just may want to live..or you might who knows.. get one that benifits the both of you..
Reply:Pre Nups are good. At first you may have question but its worth it. I think they are a good way of maning your financial affairs without having to argue about it. Pre-Nups and financial agreements make things alot easier.
Reply:Check the laws in your state first. An inheritance may not be considered "community property", especially if you do nothing to let those assets intermingle with other jointly held assets (like depositing the money into the joint checking account, putting a title to a house in both of your names, etc.). If the inheritance can be treated and kept as the sole property of the receiver and not a marital asset, you might be able to avoid the "ugliness" of a prenup.
Otherwise, I think it is perfectly legitimate to ask a potential spouse for a prenup on that condition alone...and you may find out if they really only want you for your inheritance!
Reply:This is why i do not like marriage. marriage is too easy to get out of. If it were not, there would be no need for a pre-nup. But, because it is, i would highly recommend a pre-nup for every marriage. What happened to the death do us part section of the contract? Why would you want to split 50/50 under certain circumstances? Is it because YOU will be the1 with the inheritance in this scenario/hypothetical? And please do not tell me the other party in the marriage is inheriting IT. Either way, it will be yours if married. Why are you torn? What does trust and love have to do with it, right. Is it not trust and love that bind the 2 of you together and are the reason you want marriage in the 1st place? It is never about the money until YOU are the 1 that has it. If one marries for love, that is great, leave the money out of it, and if for money, that's great too, leave the love out of it, unless one loves money.
Can I file my taxes for 2006 this late?
I was financially supported by my father until mom's death and then I lived off my inheritance for a couple of years (while living in the family home)
I did some babysitting, flea market selling (estate), and web design for 2005 but I was sick as a dog during april with strep throat and didn't file taxes. I want to file taxes b/c I have been putting money into my bank account and I also want to go back to college and use scholarship money
Can I file my taxes for 2006 this late?
I have been a tax accountant for 27 years. Most of the people responding before me are only partly right or dead wrong (with the Exception of Brian).
Brian is right. File now and the IRS will send you a bill for any penalties and interest. The late filing penalty is not too bad so long as you don't delay; it's 5% per month (or any fraction thereof) to a maximum of 25%.
If you are owed a refund, there will be no penalties. But take it from someone who knows what he's talking about: do not try to do your own taxes. The software out there is total garbage and the IRS knows it, but wants people to make mistakes so they don't get all they should or incurr penalties for errors.
You just saved $150 per hour.
Reply:Yes, still file your return. If you are due a refund, you are still going to receive it with no penalties. If you owe money, you will have to pay a late filing penalty and interest on what you owe, but at least you will have it taken care of and not start getting letters from the IRS.
Reply:Yes, you can file until October 15th with no problem. It looks like you are going to have fun trying to figure out what your net earned income was in 06 though.
Reply:You would be leaving yourself open to interest and penalties for not filing on time. It is also likely that you would be audited. I suggest you talk to a tax attorney. You may be able to find one in your area at www.handelonthelaw.com.
Reply:You can file late, but you will get penalties and interest. Anything that was cash and not reported you probably shouldn't tell them about. By the way, TaxACT ( https://www.taxactonline.com/s_online_ta... ) is cheap and good.
Reply:Yes you can file, if you are getting a refund you have 3 years and if you owe well you are going to have some pretty ugly penalties.
Reply:Yes, you can file this late - even if yo did not file an extension. Just fill out file the return(s) as though it was before the april filing deadline.
Reply:Yes
Reply:Yes, you may file the return. As has been mentioned, if you are due a refund you will receive it... no penalties. If you owe tax then you will be charged a late-filing penalty and possible an underpayment penalty. But if your tax liability is low your penalties will not be much.
If you do not file, after 3 year you will not be able to get the refund (if you are due a refund.) Additionally, until you file you will have an "open tax year"... until a tax year is "closed" it is subject to the IRS's review.
Reply:If you owe taxes, you need to send them a check immediately on what you owe. You can then file for a late filing - due in August. But if you don't send money now, you will owe additional penalty and interest.
If they owe you, you still need to send in an extension request, and finish before August.
I did some babysitting, flea market selling (estate), and web design for 2005 but I was sick as a dog during april with strep throat and didn't file taxes. I want to file taxes b/c I have been putting money into my bank account and I also want to go back to college and use scholarship money
Can I file my taxes for 2006 this late?
I have been a tax accountant for 27 years. Most of the people responding before me are only partly right or dead wrong (with the Exception of Brian).
Brian is right. File now and the IRS will send you a bill for any penalties and interest. The late filing penalty is not too bad so long as you don't delay; it's 5% per month (or any fraction thereof) to a maximum of 25%.
If you are owed a refund, there will be no penalties. But take it from someone who knows what he's talking about: do not try to do your own taxes. The software out there is total garbage and the IRS knows it, but wants people to make mistakes so they don't get all they should or incurr penalties for errors.
You just saved $150 per hour.
Reply:Yes, still file your return. If you are due a refund, you are still going to receive it with no penalties. If you owe money, you will have to pay a late filing penalty and interest on what you owe, but at least you will have it taken care of and not start getting letters from the IRS.
Reply:Yes, you can file until October 15th with no problem. It looks like you are going to have fun trying to figure out what your net earned income was in 06 though.
Reply:You would be leaving yourself open to interest and penalties for not filing on time. It is also likely that you would be audited. I suggest you talk to a tax attorney. You may be able to find one in your area at www.handelonthelaw.com.
Reply:You can file late, but you will get penalties and interest. Anything that was cash and not reported you probably shouldn't tell them about. By the way, TaxACT ( https://www.taxactonline.com/s_online_ta... ) is cheap and good.
Reply:Yes you can file, if you are getting a refund you have 3 years and if you owe well you are going to have some pretty ugly penalties.
Reply:Yes, you can file this late - even if yo did not file an extension. Just fill out file the return(s) as though it was before the april filing deadline.
Reply:Yes
Reply:Yes, you may file the return. As has been mentioned, if you are due a refund you will receive it... no penalties. If you owe tax then you will be charged a late-filing penalty and possible an underpayment penalty. But if your tax liability is low your penalties will not be much.
If you do not file, after 3 year you will not be able to get the refund (if you are due a refund.) Additionally, until you file you will have an "open tax year"... until a tax year is "closed" it is subject to the IRS's review.
Reply:If you owe taxes, you need to send them a check immediately on what you owe. You can then file for a late filing - due in August. But if you don't send money now, you will owe additional penalty and interest.
If they owe you, you still need to send in an extension request, and finish before August.
Mendel's study of genetics differed from his contemporaries' studies because he?
a. used only pure-breeding parents.
b. examined several different traits at the same time.
c. kept careful records and analyzed the data statistically.
d. worked on plants rather than animals.
e. confirmed the blending theory of inheritance.
Mendel's study of genetics differed from his contemporaries' studies because he?
E is wrong. He showed that traits are discrete units of inheritance known as genes, the varieties of which are called alleles.
D is wrong. Many animals reproduce much more slowly than plants, at least the animals they could access. Today, Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies) are commonly used because they have a fast turnover time, and since we have microscopes, we can see them.
B is incorrect, as other scientists would look at several traits at the same time.
A is also wrong, as scientists would try to prove the blending idea, so they would use pure-breeding stock to see if the offspring was a mixture.
C is correct, though you should know that Mendel fudged a lot of his data. He only reported the traits that matched his allele inheritance theory. In that time, he couldn't account for such phenomena as crossing over and linked genes, since science didn't even know about chromosomes yet. His ideas were revolutionary and insightful considering this fact, but he still skewed results in his favor. Tricksy.
Reply:c. kept careful records and analyzed the data statistically.
He was a very patience man and his records were meticulous.
b. examined several different traits at the same time.
c. kept careful records and analyzed the data statistically.
d. worked on plants rather than animals.
e. confirmed the blending theory of inheritance.
Mendel's study of genetics differed from his contemporaries' studies because he?
E is wrong. He showed that traits are discrete units of inheritance known as genes, the varieties of which are called alleles.
D is wrong. Many animals reproduce much more slowly than plants, at least the animals they could access. Today, Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies) are commonly used because they have a fast turnover time, and since we have microscopes, we can see them.
B is incorrect, as other scientists would look at several traits at the same time.
A is also wrong, as scientists would try to prove the blending idea, so they would use pure-breeding stock to see if the offspring was a mixture.
C is correct, though you should know that Mendel fudged a lot of his data. He only reported the traits that matched his allele inheritance theory. In that time, he couldn't account for such phenomena as crossing over and linked genes, since science didn't even know about chromosomes yet. His ideas were revolutionary and insightful considering this fact, but he still skewed results in his favor. Tricksy.
Reply:c. kept careful records and analyzed the data statistically.
He was a very patience man and his records were meticulous.
If u inherit money, can the power of atterny deny u ur money?
my grandparents have power of atterny of my uncle, and r suppose to make sure that his will gets carried out (sell the land and devide the money w/ the beneficaries). well my uncle died 2 years ago. and my grandparents are in the process of selling the land, but say that because they dont agree with my living habits (i go to college and have a job, but b/c i go to parties and hang out w/ friends on my free time they dont agree) they say they are not going to let me have my inheritance. can they do this???
If u inherit money, can the power of atterny deny u ur money?
Depends on the terms outlined in the will. Most "power of attorney" situations are stipulated to facilitate over the estate until designated recipient reachs xx years of age ('xx' being the years the deceased specified). If they were granted power of attorney for the intended purpose of liquidating assets and then distributing the proceeds as the will stipulates, then no... they cannot without those funds from you. You may have to take them to court to force the terms of the will, however.
In would be much simpler for you to place your partying lifestyle on hold for the time being, and then request them to give you your share of the estate. Cheaper, that way, too!
Reply:I would say no, call an attorney.
Reply:My guess is that your uncle didn't have a will, and therefore there is not much you can do. Most people don't have a will, by brother died without a will, but we probated the estate since there were no problems with people agreeing. I would also recommend that you sit down with your grandparents and see what it is they really don't like about your lifestyle. My guess is they are only looking out for what they view as your best interests. I believe that if there is a will and if you are to inherit something it would cost you most likely more than it is worth. Talk to you Grandparents, they probably won't be so difficult to work with.
Reply:sorry but yeah you don't have a say. Happened to someone I know. His father passed leaving his mother as the executor of the will. He was supposed to get all his property and money except for the house. The house was supposed to be split between the mother and the sister. He went to court with them. The mother had signed her half of the house to the sister and closed all his accounts, the same day they read the will. She sold what she could and then told the court that he didn't have much except for a beat up truck. My bf got the old truck and that was it. The judge went in favor of the mother because she was the sole executor.
Reply:Yes, they can. Legally you should be able to get your money. In practice, you'll never get a judge to side with you.
Good luck wasting your cash on a lawyer.
Howabout you find out what your grandparents would like you to change and consider that they may have a point
Reply:if its in writing that they are subpost to sell the land and divide the money with you then thats what they have to do other wise if they don't you can get a lawyer and make them as long as its what your uncle had in writing .
Reply:Assuming that you are NOT a minor, then no, they can't legally. But that doesn't mean they can't tie up your money and hold up the proceedings. You need your own attorney to protect your rights.
Reply:If you were directly named as a beneficiary, then no they cannot. However it will take several thousand $ on your part to hire a lawyer, my guess is that your grandparents know this, and they decided to follow this course anyway. At best, you spend thousands of $ over a minimum of several months trying to get what your entitled to, and that's all you'll get, what you should have recieved in the first place...
Good luck. My suggestion is that you quit partying and get a second job to pay for the lawyer...
Reply:No, if its in their will, your grandparents can't do a thing about it. Get a lawyer (or threaten that you will if they dont obey and you REALLY dont wanna take this to court) and they'll HAVE to obey. Its federal law. They may be your grandparents, but their not your ruler, Good luck, update me if you can!
Reply:You need to first look at the will. Find out who your uncle appointed to be executor of his estate. That person is charged with carrying out your uncle's wishes through his will. If the executor is not fulfilling his or her duties properly, you may probate the will in court and request that the judge appoint a new administrator. The power of attorney has little meaning after your uncle has died. The will is the controlling document.
Reply:Their authority under the Power of Attorney expired on your Uncle's death.
Whatever authority they have comes from either the Will, or in the absence of a Will, from the state laws of Intestacy.
Under Intestacy, you probably get nothing.
Under the Will, you get exactly what the Will says, assuming the property devised still exists at time of death. It then becomes a question of what it says you get, if it mentions you at all, and if you're not there, you're SOL. If you are mentioned, then you can look for whether or not your GP's are the Executors, and if they are, whether or not it gives them this authority, which it probably does not.
They cannot ignore a devise in a Will based on the recipient's lifestyle, unless the Will specifically gives them that power.
Oh, btw, it also matters how old you are. If you're a minor, they can withhold it until you come of age, but not forever.
online survey
If u inherit money, can the power of atterny deny u ur money?
Depends on the terms outlined in the will. Most "power of attorney" situations are stipulated to facilitate over the estate until designated recipient reachs xx years of age ('xx' being the years the deceased specified). If they were granted power of attorney for the intended purpose of liquidating assets and then distributing the proceeds as the will stipulates, then no... they cannot without those funds from you. You may have to take them to court to force the terms of the will, however.
In would be much simpler for you to place your partying lifestyle on hold for the time being, and then request them to give you your share of the estate. Cheaper, that way, too!
Reply:I would say no, call an attorney.
Reply:My guess is that your uncle didn't have a will, and therefore there is not much you can do. Most people don't have a will, by brother died without a will, but we probated the estate since there were no problems with people agreeing. I would also recommend that you sit down with your grandparents and see what it is they really don't like about your lifestyle. My guess is they are only looking out for what they view as your best interests. I believe that if there is a will and if you are to inherit something it would cost you most likely more than it is worth. Talk to you Grandparents, they probably won't be so difficult to work with.
Reply:sorry but yeah you don't have a say. Happened to someone I know. His father passed leaving his mother as the executor of the will. He was supposed to get all his property and money except for the house. The house was supposed to be split between the mother and the sister. He went to court with them. The mother had signed her half of the house to the sister and closed all his accounts, the same day they read the will. She sold what she could and then told the court that he didn't have much except for a beat up truck. My bf got the old truck and that was it. The judge went in favor of the mother because she was the sole executor.
Reply:Yes, they can. Legally you should be able to get your money. In practice, you'll never get a judge to side with you.
Good luck wasting your cash on a lawyer.
Howabout you find out what your grandparents would like you to change and consider that they may have a point
Reply:if its in writing that they are subpost to sell the land and divide the money with you then thats what they have to do other wise if they don't you can get a lawyer and make them as long as its what your uncle had in writing .
Reply:Assuming that you are NOT a minor, then no, they can't legally. But that doesn't mean they can't tie up your money and hold up the proceedings. You need your own attorney to protect your rights.
Reply:If you were directly named as a beneficiary, then no they cannot. However it will take several thousand $ on your part to hire a lawyer, my guess is that your grandparents know this, and they decided to follow this course anyway. At best, you spend thousands of $ over a minimum of several months trying to get what your entitled to, and that's all you'll get, what you should have recieved in the first place...
Good luck. My suggestion is that you quit partying and get a second job to pay for the lawyer...
Reply:No, if its in their will, your grandparents can't do a thing about it. Get a lawyer (or threaten that you will if they dont obey and you REALLY dont wanna take this to court) and they'll HAVE to obey. Its federal law. They may be your grandparents, but their not your ruler, Good luck, update me if you can!
Reply:You need to first look at the will. Find out who your uncle appointed to be executor of his estate. That person is charged with carrying out your uncle's wishes through his will. If the executor is not fulfilling his or her duties properly, you may probate the will in court and request that the judge appoint a new administrator. The power of attorney has little meaning after your uncle has died. The will is the controlling document.
Reply:Their authority under the Power of Attorney expired on your Uncle's death.
Whatever authority they have comes from either the Will, or in the absence of a Will, from the state laws of Intestacy.
Under Intestacy, you probably get nothing.
Under the Will, you get exactly what the Will says, assuming the property devised still exists at time of death. It then becomes a question of what it says you get, if it mentions you at all, and if you're not there, you're SOL. If you are mentioned, then you can look for whether or not your GP's are the Executors, and if they are, whether or not it gives them this authority, which it probably does not.
They cannot ignore a devise in a Will based on the recipient's lifestyle, unless the Will specifically gives them that power.
Oh, btw, it also matters how old you are. If you're a minor, they can withhold it until you come of age, but not forever.
online survey
???? genetic q?
a woman with no history of color blindness marries a color blind man. it is known that this form of color blindness exhibits X- linked recessive inheritance. what are the risks for this couple of having a son or daughter who is color blind
a) 75%
b) 50 %
c)25%
d) 0
letter only
???? genetic q?
d
Reply:b
Reply:b
Reply:b
Reply:c
Reply:d
a) 75%
b) 50 %
c)25%
d) 0
letter only
???? genetic q?
d
Reply:b
Reply:b
Reply:b
Reply:c
Reply:d
Which of the following was not an idea that Darwin advanced in his works?
a) new species arise by natural selection
b) species change over time
c) Living species have arisen from earlier life forms
d) modern species arose through a process known as "descent with modification"
e) new species can form by inheritance of aquired characteristics
Which of the following was not an idea that Darwin advanced in his works?
E is the answer. This is called Lamarkian evolution. Lamark thought acquired characteristics could be inherited (like if your break your leg your child will be born with a broken leg). He really didn't use that example but it does follow from his ideas.
Reply:Probable E
Reply:Answer is E
I know b/c I just learned about this in my biology class! I think this was one of my question on my worksheet. E is correct b/c I got it right!
Reply:E is the best answer, but this question was written by someone who does not have extensive knowledge of Darwin's work. Although inheritance of acquired characteristics was not a major component of his system(s) and does not receive much attention nowadays, if you read him thoroughly you will find that his ideas about heredity included what he referred to as 'pangenesis,' which is precisely that.
b) species change over time
c) Living species have arisen from earlier life forms
d) modern species arose through a process known as "descent with modification"
e) new species can form by inheritance of aquired characteristics
Which of the following was not an idea that Darwin advanced in his works?
E is the answer. This is called Lamarkian evolution. Lamark thought acquired characteristics could be inherited (like if your break your leg your child will be born with a broken leg). He really didn't use that example but it does follow from his ideas.
Reply:Probable E
Reply:Answer is E
I know b/c I just learned about this in my biology class! I think this was one of my question on my worksheet. E is correct b/c I got it right!
Reply:E is the best answer, but this question was written by someone who does not have extensive knowledge of Darwin's work. Although inheritance of acquired characteristics was not a major component of his system(s) and does not receive much attention nowadays, if you read him thoroughly you will find that his ideas about heredity included what he referred to as 'pangenesis,' which is precisely that.
Programming?
Could anyone help me with this? I don't want the answer just an idea on how to get started.
Scenario:
1. Jack is grandfather of Jim.
2. Jackie is grandmother of Jim.
3. John is father of Jim.
4. Jane is mother of Jim.
Inheritance relation:
A. Jim inherits color from John, which he inherited from Jack.
B. Jim inherited his blonde hair from his mother.
C. Jim inherited his eye colors from his grandmother.
How can you put these statements in Java? You can consider each person as interface or class.
Programming?
There are a number of ways to model these relationships. Since this appears to be a homework problem, I won't supply any Java code. However, the simplest design might be to define a couple classes (e.g. Person, Trait) with one attribute per inherited trait (e.g. hair, skin_color, eye_color), two Person references for the parents, and a String for the person's name. The "Trait" class could have the inherited name as a String (optional) and a Person reference for who it is inherited from.
If it needs to be a complete program, you need to define the classes and initialize object instances with the scenario data. However, there's no indication from your givens whether any class methods are needed but if this were a practical assignment, some obvious ones might have to be developed.
There are ways to do something similar with collections but it would be more complicated; this would only be called for if certain flexiblity in the design were needed (e.g. dynamic traits).
Reply:public class Jack{
..
}
public class John extends Jack{
..
}
public class Jim extends John {
..
}
Reply:Draw it out on paper. First draw Jim. The draw his parents above him. Draw an arrow from Jim to each of his parents. The arrow always points from the child to the parent.
From the inheritance relation information, we learn that Jack is parent of John. So draw that relationship.
We cannot tell if Jackie is parent of Jane or John. Pick one.
Once you have the class diagram, write in the attributes. Color from from Jack to John to Jim. So you would put the color attribute in Jack. Do the same for blond hair and eye colors, putting them in the right place of course.
Once you have a class diagram, you can then write the corresponding Java code. It's just a matter of translation from that point forward.
Scenario:
1. Jack is grandfather of Jim.
2. Jackie is grandmother of Jim.
3. John is father of Jim.
4. Jane is mother of Jim.
Inheritance relation:
A. Jim inherits color from John, which he inherited from Jack.
B. Jim inherited his blonde hair from his mother.
C. Jim inherited his eye colors from his grandmother.
How can you put these statements in Java? You can consider each person as interface or class.
Programming?
There are a number of ways to model these relationships. Since this appears to be a homework problem, I won't supply any Java code. However, the simplest design might be to define a couple classes (e.g. Person, Trait) with one attribute per inherited trait (e.g. hair, skin_color, eye_color), two Person references for the parents, and a String for the person's name. The "Trait" class could have the inherited name as a String (optional) and a Person reference for who it is inherited from.
If it needs to be a complete program, you need to define the classes and initialize object instances with the scenario data. However, there's no indication from your givens whether any class methods are needed but if this were a practical assignment, some obvious ones might have to be developed.
There are ways to do something similar with collections but it would be more complicated; this would only be called for if certain flexiblity in the design were needed (e.g. dynamic traits).
Reply:public class Jack{
..
}
public class John extends Jack{
..
}
public class Jim extends John {
..
}
Reply:Draw it out on paper. First draw Jim. The draw his parents above him. Draw an arrow from Jim to each of his parents. The arrow always points from the child to the parent.
From the inheritance relation information, we learn that Jack is parent of John. So draw that relationship.
We cannot tell if Jackie is parent of Jane or John. Pick one.
Once you have the class diagram, write in the attributes. Color from from Jack to John to Jim. So you would put the color attribute in Jack. Do the same for blond hair and eye colors, putting them in the right place of course.
Once you have a class diagram, you can then write the corresponding Java code. It's just a matter of translation from that point forward.
An organism is heterozygous at two genetic loci on diffrent chromosomes..explain........?
a)Explain how these alleles are transmitted by the process of mitosis to daughter cells.
b) Explain how these alleles are distributed by the process of miosis to gametes.
c) Explain how the bhavior of these two homologous chromosomes during meiosis provides the physical basis for Menddel's two law of inheritance.
An organism is heterozygous at two genetic loci on diffrent chromosomes..explain........?
a. Each chromosome is replicated and divided to each daughter cell containing the exact information the parent cell started off.
b. Each chromosome is replicated and divided to each daughter cell containing the exact information the parent cell started off. The the cells divide again containing a different genetic variety in each.
c. Mendel's two laws where the laws of segregation and the law of independent assortment. The first one is that all gametes were separated twice with the original parent cell. The second on is that each haploid is combined with another that is not alike with any other in the body. That helps create genetic variety, even if one were to grow up to be twins.
salary survey
b) Explain how these alleles are distributed by the process of miosis to gametes.
c) Explain how the bhavior of these two homologous chromosomes during meiosis provides the physical basis for Menddel's two law of inheritance.
An organism is heterozygous at two genetic loci on diffrent chromosomes..explain........?
a. Each chromosome is replicated and divided to each daughter cell containing the exact information the parent cell started off.
b. Each chromosome is replicated and divided to each daughter cell containing the exact information the parent cell started off. The the cells divide again containing a different genetic variety in each.
c. Mendel's two laws where the laws of segregation and the law of independent assortment. The first one is that all gametes were separated twice with the original parent cell. The second on is that each haploid is combined with another that is not alike with any other in the body. That helps create genetic variety, even if one were to grow up to be twins.
salary survey
AP genetic essay?
an organism is heterozygous at two genet;ic loci on different chromosomes
-------------A----
-------------a----
----B----
----b----
a)explain how these alleles are transmissted by the process of mitosis
b)explain how these alleles are distubed by the process of meiosis to gametes.
c) explain how the behavior of these two pairs of homologous chromosomes furing meisois provides the physical basis for Mendel's two laws of inheritance.
AP genetic essay?
a) A and B are not linked on the same chromosome and will segregate independently of each other. Gamete may contain any combination of A,a and B,b in this situation.
-------------A----
-------------a----
----B----
----b----
a)explain how these alleles are transmissted by the process of mitosis
b)explain how these alleles are distubed by the process of meiosis to gametes.
c) explain how the behavior of these two pairs of homologous chromosomes furing meisois provides the physical basis for Mendel's two laws of inheritance.
AP genetic essay?
a) A and B are not linked on the same chromosome and will segregate independently of each other. Gamete may contain any combination of A,a and B,b in this situation.
The Mathematical Miracle of # 19 in the Quran! any truth to this?
"Mathematics is the language with which God has written the universe" (Galileo)
Chapter 74 of the Quran, God's Final Testament, is dedicated to the number
19. The name of that chapter is "Al-Muddassir" (The Hidden Secret). The
number 19 is specifically mentioned in that Chapter as a punishment for
those who state that the scripture is human-made (74:25), and proclaims
that the 19 is "One of the greatest" (74:35). In 74:31, the purpose of the
number 19 is spelled out: to remove all doubt regarding the authenticity of
the Quran, increase the faith of the believers, and to be a scientific
punishment for hypocrites and disbelievers. However, the implication of
this number as a proof for the authenticity of the Quran remained unknown
for centuries. For fourteen centuries, the commentators tried in vain to
understand the function and fulfilment of the number 19.
In 1974, the Lord of the universe unveiled the secret of number 19 to Dr.
Rashad Khalifa, an Egyptian-American biochemist. His four-year long
computerized study on the Quran did not have any expected target.
Surprisingly, he discovered the mathematically intertwined structure by
"chance." This multifold interlocked mathematical design is a message in
universal language. This message, providing a built-in physical evidence of
its divine source, leaves no doubt in our heart that the Quran is The Final
Testament.
Before the secret is decoded
Before the discovery of 19-based system, we knew a symmetrical mathematical
system in the Quran. For example:
© The word "month" (shahr) occurs 12 times.
© The word "day" (yawm) occurs 365 times.
© The word "days" (ayyam,yewmeyn) occurs 30 times.
© The words "satan" (shaytan) and "angel" (malak), both occur 88 times.
© The words "this world" (dunya) and "hereafter" (ahirah), both occur 115 times.
Simple to understand, impossible to imitate
The mathematical structure of the Final Testament is simple to understand
and impossible to imitate. You do not need to know Arabic, the original
language of the Quran to examine it for yourself. Basically what you need
is to be able to count upto19. Dr. Khalifa introduces this supernatural
message as follows:
The Quran is characterized by a unique phenomenon never found in any human
authored book. Every element of the Quran is mathematically composed-the
chapters, the verses, the words, the number of certain letters, the number
of words from the same root, the number and variety of divine names, the
unique spelling of certain words, and many other elements of the Quran
besides its content. There are two major facets of the Quran's mathematical
system: (1) The mathematical literary composition, and (2) The mathematical
structure involving the numbers of chapters and verses. Because of this
comprehensive mathematical coding, the slightest distortion of the Quran's
text or physical arrangement is immediately exposed (Quran The Final
Testament, Translated by Rashad Khalifa, Islamic Productions, Tucson, 1989,
p 609).
Nineteen, as the mathematical code of the Quran, is a challenge for
atheists, an invitation for agnostics and a guidance for believers. It is a
perpetual miracle for the computer generation. It is the light of the
morning promised by God Almighty (74:33).
Physical, examinable divine proof
Here is the summary of this historical discovery:
© The first verse, i.e., the opening statement "Bismillahirrahmanirrahim",
shortly "Basmalah," consists of 19 Arabic letters.
© The first word of Basmalah, Ism (name) occurs in the Quran 19 times.
© The second word of Basmalah, Allah (God) occurs 2698 times, or 19x142.
© The third word of Basmalah, Rahman (Gracious) occurs 57 times, or 19x3.
© The fourth word of Basmalah, Rahim (Merciful) occurs 114 times, or 19x6.
Although this phenomenon (the opening statement consists of 19 letters, and
each word occurs in multiple of 19) represents a minute portion of the
code, it was described by Martin Gardner in the Scientific American as
"ingenious" (September, 1981, p. 22-24)
© The multiplication factors of the words of the Basmalah (1+142+3+6) add
up to 152 or 19x8.
© The Quran consists of 114 chapters, which is 19x6.
© The total number of verses in the Quran including all Basmalahs is 6346,
or 19x334. If you add the digits of that number, 6+3+4+6 equals 19.
© The Basmalah occurs 114 times, (despite its conspicuous absence from
chapter 9, it occurs twice in chapter 27) and 114 is 19x6.
© From the missing Basmalah of chapter 9 to the extra Basmalah of chapter
27, there are precisely 19 chapters.
© It follows that the sum of the chapter numbers from 9 to 27
(9+10+11+12.......+26+27) is 342. This total (342) also equals the number
of words between the two Basmalahs of chapter 27, and 342 equals 19x18.
© The occurrence of the extra Basmalah is in 27:30. The number of the
chapter and the verse add up to 57, or 19x3.
© Each letter of the Arabic alphabet corresponds to a number according to
their original sequence in the alphabet. The Arabs were using this system
for calculations. When the Quran was revealed 14 centuries ago, the numbers
known today did not exist. A universal system was used where the letters of
the Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek alphabets were used as numerals. The
number assigned to each letter is its "Gematrical Value." The numerical
values of the Arabic alphabet are shown below:
A study on the gematrical values of about 200 attributes of God which are
mentioned in the Quran, shows that only four names have gematrical values
which are multiples of 19. These are "Wahid" (One), "Zul Fadl al Azim"
(Possessor of Infinite Grace), "Majid" (Glorous), "Jaami" (Summoner). Their
gematrical value are 19 , 2698, 57, and 114 respectively, which are all
divisible by 19 and correspond exactly to the frequencies of occurrence of
the Basmalah's four words.
© The total numbers of verses where the word Allah (God) occurs add up to
118123, and is 19x6217.
© The total occurrences of the word Allah (God) in all the verses whose
numbers are multiples of 19 is 133, or 19x7.
© The first revelation (96:1-5) consists of 19 words.
© This 19-worded first revelation consists of 76 letters, 19x4.
© Chapter 96, first in the chronological sequence, consists of 19 verses.
© This first chronological chapter is placed ahead of the last 19 chapters.
© Chapter 96 consists of 304 Arabic letters, 19x16.
© The last revelation, chapter 110, consists of 19 verses.
© The first verse of the last revelation consists of 19 letters.
© The word "the Quran" occurs 57 times, or 19x3. (The word in 10:15 is a
different Quran, so it is not counted)
© The key commandment: "You shall devote your worship to God alone" (in
Arabic "Wahdahu") occurs in 7:70; 39:45; 40:12,84; and 60:4. The total of
these numbers adds up to 361, or 19x19.
© The Quran is characterized by a unique phenomenon that is not found in
any other book: 29 chapters are prefixed with "Quranic Initials" which
remained mysterious for 1406 years. With the discovery of the code 19 , we
realized their major role in the Quran's mathematical structure. The
initials occur in their respective chapters in multiples of 19. For
example, Chapter 19 has five letters in its beginning, K.H.Y.A'.SS., and
the total occurrence of these letters in this chapter is 798, or 19x42.
© To witness the details of the miracle of these initials, a short chapter
which begins with one initial, letter "Q" will be a good example. The
frequency of "Q" in chapter 50 is 57, or 19x3. The letter "Q" occurs in the
other Q-initialed chapter, i.e., chapter 42, exactly the same number of
times, 57. The total occurrence of the letter "Q" in the two Q-initialed
chapters is 114, which equals the number of chapters in the Quran. "The
Quran" is mentioned in the Quran 57 times. The description of the Quran as
"Majid" (Glorious) is correlated with the frequency of occurrence of the
letter "Q" in each of the Q-initialed chapters. The word "Majid" has a
gematrical value of 57. Chapter 42 consists of 53 verses, and 42+53 is 95,
or 19x5. Chapter 50 consists of 45 verses, and 50+45 is 95, or 19x5. The
number of Q's in all ver-ses numbered "19" throughout the Quran is 76, or
19x4.
© The Quran mentions 30 different numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 19, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 99, 100, 200, 300, 1000, 2000,
3000, 5000, 50000, %26amp; 100000. The sum of these numbers is 162146, which
equals 19x8534.
© If we write down the number of each verse in the Quran, one next to the
other, preceded by the number of verses in each chapter, the resulting long
number consists of 12692 digits (19x668). Additionally, the huge number
itself is also a multiple of 19.
The details of this study is endless. Keeping up with the new discoveries
is a challenging task.
In the original of The Old Testament
Is this mathematical structure unique to the Quran? For a while we thougt
so. But, we were wrong. The same 19-based mathematical composition was
discovered by Rabbi Judah in the 12th century AD in a preserved part of the
Old Testament. Evidently, the prime number 19 is the signiture of God, the
Greatest Matematician.
Below is the copy from Studies In Jewish Mysticism:
"The people (Jews) in France made it a custom to add (in the morn ing
prayer) the words: Ashrei temimei derekh (blessed are those who walk the
righteous way), and our Rabbi, the Pious, of blessed memory, wrote that
they were completely and utterly wrong. It is all gross falsehood, be cause
there are only nineteen times that the Holy Name is mentioned (in that
portion of the morning prayer), . . . and similarly you find the word
Elohim nineteen times in the peri cope of Ve- elleh shemot . . . .
Similarly, you find that Israel were called sons nineteen times, and
there are many other examples. All these sets of nineteen are intricately
inter twined, and they contain many secrets and esoteric meanings, which
are contained in more than eight volumes. Therefore, anyone who has the
fear of God in him will not listen to the words of the Frenchmen who add
the verse Ashrei temimei derekh (blessed are those who walk in the paths
of God s Torah, for according to their additions the Holy Name is mentioned
twenty times . . . and this is a great mistake. Furthermore, in this
section there are 152 words, but if you add Ashrei temimei derekh there
are 158 words. This is nonsense, for it is a great and hidden secret why
there should be 152 words . . ." (Dan, Joseph. Studies In Jewish Mysticism,
Association for Jewish Studies. Cambridge, Massachusetts: 1978, p 88.)
How can we explain this phenomenon?
There are primarily four possible explanations:
1) Manipulation: You may be skeptical about our data regarding the
mathematical structure of Quran. However, you can eliminate this option in
several hours by random checking of our detailed computer print out. We
have published them in several books and they can be obtained from the
Monotheist Production International.
2) Coincidence: This possibility is eliminated by the statistical
probability laws. The consistency and frequency of the 19-based pattern is
much too overwhelming to occur coincidentally.
3) Human fabrication: While fabricating a literary work that meets the
criteria of the document summarized here is a stunning challenge for our
computer generation, it is certainly improbable for the time of initiation
of the document, namely, 610 AD. One more fact augments the improbability
of human fabrication. If a certain person or persons had fabricated this
literary work, they would want to reap the fruits of their efforts; they
would have bragged about it.
In view of the originality, complexity, and mathematical sophistication of
this work, we have to admit that it is ingenious. However, no one has ever
claimed credit for this unique literary code; the code was never known
prior to the computer decoding accomplished by Dr. Khalifa. Therefore it is
reasonable to exclude the possibility of human fabrication.
The timing of the discovery may be considered another evidence for the
existence and full control of Supreme Being: The mystery of the number 19
which is mentioned as "one of the greatest events" in the chapter 74 (The
Hidden Secret) was unveiled exactly 1406 (19x74) lunar years after the
revelation of the Quran. Dr. Khalifa discovered the code 19 in 1974. The
connection between 19 and 74 (the number of the chapter which this code is
mentioned) is significant in the timing of the discovery.
4. Super Intelligent Source: The only remaining possibility is that a super
intelligent source is responsible for this document; one who designed the
work in this extraordinary manner, then managed to keep it a well guarded
secret for 14 centuries, for a predetermined time.
The mathematical code ensures that the source is super intelligent and also
that the document is perfectly intact.
It is not a dream anymore
The following excerpts are from the famous astronomer and science-fiction
writer Carl Sagan's book:
"No, don't you see? This would be different. This isn't just starting the
universe out with some precise mathematical laws that determine physics and
chemistry. This is a message. Whoever makes the universe hides messages in
transcendental numbers so they'll be read fifteen billion years later when
intelligent life finally evolves. I criticized you and Rankin the time we
first met for not understanding this. 'If God wanted us to know that he
existed, why didn't he send us an unambiguous message?' I asked. Remember?"
"I remember very well. You think God is a mathematician."
"Something like that. If what we're told is true. If this isn't a
wild-goose chase. If there's a message hiding in pi and not one of the
infinity of other transcendental numbers. That's a lot of ifs."
"You're looking for Revelation in arithmetic. I know a better way."
"Palmer, this is the only way. This is the only thing that would convince a
skeptic. Imagine we find something. It doesn't have to be tremendously
complicated. Just something more orderly than could accumulate by chance
that many digits into pi. That's all we need. Then mathematicians all over
the world can find exactly the same pattern or message or whatever it
proves to be. Then there are no sectarian divisions. Everybody begins
reading the same Scripture. No one could then argue that the key miracle in
the religion was some conjurer's trick, or that later historians had
falsified the record, or that it's just hysteria or delusion or a
substitute parent for when we grow up. Everyone could be a believer." (Carl
Sagan, Contact, Simon %26amp; Schuster, New York, 1985, p 418-419)
Eerily, almost everything exactly has been happening according to Carl
Sagan's prediction with an exception that the code of the divine message is
not pi, it is a peculiar prime number. Also the last statement seems to be
too optimistic, at least for the time being. Already millions of Muslims
have rejected the mathematical code based on the presupposition that the
Creator of the universe won't employ mathematics in his book. And
born-again Christians are ready to coin it as Anti Christ.
However, this mathematically coded message promises a new era in the world
of religions. It does not only provide an examinable evidence for the
existence of God, it also expose the widespread corruption plagued all the
organized religions. This mathematical code suggests (as it is published in
our numerous books) a "Copernican revolution" in theology of religions.
Instead of Krishna-centered, or Jesus-centered, or Muhammad-centered
religions we must turn to the original center, to the God-centered model.
They cannot see the miracle
The "learned Muslim scholars" cannot understand or accept this clear
mathematical composition. Indeed, the verse 74:31 prophecies that
hypocrites will not be able to understand this miracle. Also the verse
7:146 describes those people who are deprived of seeing the miracle:
I will divert from My revelations those who are arrogant on earth, without
justification. Consequently, when they see every kind of miracle they will
not believe. And when they see the path of guidance they will not adopt it
as their path, but when they see the path of straying they will adopt it as
their path. This is the consequence of their rejecting our revelations, and
of being totally heedless thereof. (7:146)
a) Are all of those mathematical facts coincidences?
b) How many letters are there in the opening statement of the Quran i.e.,
Basmalah? Why do your ancient scholars (Fahreddin er Razi, Qurtubi etc.)
who counted the letters of Basmalah agree on 19 letters? Why after the
discovery of the miracle do you refute your respected ancient scholars?
c) 786 is the gematrical value of Basmalah used by Muslims to represent the
Basmalah. How many letters does this famous number represent?
d) Why do you fail in counting the 19 letters of Basmalah which is a very
simple and very obvious physical fact?
e) Almighty God in 74:31 gives us a list of functions of the number "19".
This is what "19" will do: 1) Disturb the disbelievers. 2) Establish
certainty in the hearts of the believers, the Jews, and the Christians,
concerning the divine origin of the Quran. 3) Strengthen the faith of the
faithful. 4) Remove all doubt from the hearts of the believers, and the
Jews, and the Christians. 5) Expose the hypocrites and the disbelievers who
claim with their lip service to be believers; they will not accept the
19-based miracle. The mathematical miracle of the Quran fulfills all these
functions one by one. The question to the Muslim scholars who reject God's
miracle is: How will the number 19 establish certainty in the hearts of
people? How will the number 19 remove all doubt from the people's heart?
How will the hypocrites be exposed? What are the functions of your 19?
f) The reason for your rejection of this great miracle has been explained
in 74:31; 7:146 and 6:25. Why do you not kill your ego, and purify your
heart?
g) How was the prophecy of 10:20; 27:93 %26amp; 41:53 fulfilled?
h) Is it not significant that the same 19-based mathematical composition
was discovered by Rabbi Judah in the 12th century AD in a preserved part of
the Old Testament? (See Studies In Jewish Mysticism, Association for Jewish
Studies, Cambridge, Mass., Joseph Dan, page 88, 1982).
i) What do you think about the Quranic prophecy on this discovery which
confirms the mathematical miracle of the scriptures?: "Proclaim: 'What if
it is from God, and you disbelieved in it? A witness from the Children of
Israel has borne witness to a similar phenomenon, and he has believed,
while you have turned too arrogant to believe. God does not guide the
wicked.' " (46:10).
j) What do A.L.M., HH.M., Y.S., Q. mean? Why is the Quranic expression
"These are the miracles --ayaat-- of this book" found ONLY in conjunction
with Quranic initials? (10:1; 12:1; 13:1; 15:1; 26:1-2; 27:1; 28:1-2;
32:1-2).
"A RELIGION NEVER AUTHORIZED BY GOD" (42:21)
The extent to which Islam has been corrupted is illustrated in the following:
In the paranthesis are some of the Chapter:Verse numbers that contradict
the traditional orthodox teaching.
Hadith and Sunna (6:19,38,114; 7:3; 12:111; 17:46; 31:6; 45:6; 69:38-47 .....)
Killing whomever they consider an apostate (2:256; 4:90; 10:99;18:29; 88:21,22.)
Cutting off the hand of the thief (5:38, 12:31)
Stoning the adulterers to death (24:2; 4:25.
Killing muslims who do not observe prayer (2:256; 18:29; 20:14)
Killing one who drinks alcohol for the 4th time ( 2:256; 18:29)
Forbidding menstruating women from worshiping (2:222)
Forbidding women from the Friday prayer (62:9)
Oppressing women and forcing them to wear head-covers and unreasonable
clothes; and depriving them of all rights in marriage, divorce,
inheritance, etc. (3:195; 4:19,32; 9:71; 2:228.)Y
Insulting women by instituting that "if a monkey, or a black dog, or a
woman passes in front of a praying person, his prayer is nullified"
(9:71; 33:35 ...)
Idolizing Muhammad against his will:
Calling him "the most honorable messenger" 2:285
Claiming that he was infallible (4:79; 9:117; 33:37; 40:66; 42:52; 66:1;
80:1-10; 93:7)
Setting up his tomb as a "Sacred Mosque" (2:149-150)
Claiming that he possesses power of intercession (2:48,123,254; 6:70,94;
7:53; 10:3; 39:44; 43:86; 74:48.)
Adding his name in the five daily prayers and Azan (20:14; 72:18)
Adding his name to the First Pillar of Islam, Shahadah (3:18; 37:35; 39:45)
Inventing a funny story about his ascension to the heavens on a horse, and
talking God out of 50 prayers a day, after consulting Moses. (17:1;
53:1-18)
Insulting Muhammad:
Claiming that he advised people to drink urine (7:157)
Claiming that he gouged out people's eyes (3:159; 68:4)
Claiming that he possessed sexual drive of 30 men (33:21)
Claiming that he was illiterate, un-intelligent (96:1-5 and many more)
Claiming that he had been bewitched by a Jew (17:47; 25:8)
Claiming that he cursed a child passing in front of him during prayer and
the child became crippled (3:159)
Nullifying the fact that Muhammad was the last prophet by teaching that
Jesus will come back to this world. This makes Jesus the last prophet
(33:40; 19:30)
A bizarre dietary system with multitudes of prohibition and contradictions
(6:145-150; 16:115,116)
Claiming that hell will not touch them, except for a limited number of
days. (2:80-82; 3:23-25)
Altering the four consecutive Sacred Months. (9:37)
Limiting the pilgrimage to three days (2:197)
Neglecting the Zakat charity through distortion (6:141)
Giving a punishment of 60 straight days of fasting for one nullified day
of fasting. (2:184)
Inventing numerous rules from ablution, to prayer, to sleeping, to cutting
one's nails. (5:101; 42:21; 2:67-71)
Prohibiting gold and silk for men. (5:48,49; 7:31-32; 18:31; 22:23; 35:33)
Prohibiting music, painting, and the arts. (7:32; 42:21; 34:13)
Rejecting writing a will for parents and relatives. (2:180; 4:11-12)
Claiming that the age of responsibility for males starts at 15, for females
starts at 12. Anybody who dies after these ages as a non-muslim, will go
to hell (46:15)
Claiming that some verses contradict some verses and therefore they
abrogate each other. For example they do not believe in 2:180; 2:219.
(4:82; 15:90-92; 2:85)
Claiming that Muhammad added an extra prohibition and abrogated the last
part of 4:24. (17:73-75; 69:40-47)
Changing the meaning of the Quranic words. (Such as nabi -prophet- %26amp; rasoul
-messenger-, ayat -miracle,sign- %26amp; ayaat -miracles, verses-). (5:41)
Claiming that Muhammad was the last messenger. (33:40; 3:81; 33:7)
Omitting Basmalah and adding a non Quranic word "ameen" to the end of
al-Faatiha in the prayers. (1:1-7)
Reciting al-Faatiha silently in the noon and afternoon prayers. (17:110)
Accepting the division into sects as God's mercy. (6:159; 30:32; 23:52-56)
Changing the number of the letters of the Basmalah to reject the great
mathematical miracle. (1:1; 74:30-37)
The Mathematical Miracle of # 19 in the Quran! any truth to this?
There is absolutely nothing miraculous, nor does numerology prove the existence of your mythical sky deity...
I have also read the Bible Code, which purports to be a tool for reading the future.... Its all crap. You can do the same exact thing with the works of Shakespere, if you rewrite it into another language, then translate and count numbers, then divide numbers by other numbers and rotate 180*, slap your butt twice, twirl like Natalie Merchant in a 10000 Maniac's video, and ACTUALLY BELEIVE THIS CRAP......
Reply:Yes this is truly a scientific miracle who those who open their hearts. I am totally amazed by the miracle of 19. It has nothing to do with numerology. We are dealing here with a miraculous pattern. Report It
Reply:Yes this is truly a scientific miracle who those who open their hearts. I am totally amazed by the miracle of 19. It has nothing to do with numerology. We are dealing here with a miraculous pattern. Report It
Reply:the miracle of 19 is truly incredible. Report It
Reply:I like 17, now THAT number is truly incredible. Or how about 12. Everybody pretty much summed it up when they say numerology is ridiculous, especially from the koran. Report It
Reply:This is amazing thanks for sharing i will be printing it out to show my family. Report It
Reply:This is quite interesting. And too detailed to be just a coincidence. I believe in it. It's much more conceivable than the crap about the future in the Bible. And it makes more sense. Report It
Reply:I have just one question. What is no. 19 got to do with all these? Even if it is proven true with whatever u are saying. What is 19 got to do with anything? Report It
Reply:Women are not forbidden from Friday prayer and neither from the rights of inheritance, divorce, etc,, plus there are many other falsehoods here. Report It
Reply:I don't understand what your point of view is on all this, it seems contradictory.. :? Report It
Reply:THATS NOT A QUESTION! try a forum . Report It
Reply:Claiming that Muhammad was the last messenger. (33:40; 3:81; 33:7)
?? Report It
Reply:What the hell was that?
Reply:Numerology proves nothing divine...
Reply:no
Reply:yea...and fourty virgins....right.
Reply:You need help, real help. = Wow 19 letters
Reply:my brain.................
Reply:Great, now my finger is numb from scrolling through your babble.
Reply:Lets see 72 virgins....yep...must be God...Sheeesh...
Reply:No more than the Bible Code, which has been proven over and over to be totally bogus. You can find such occurences in Moby Dick or a randomly generated stream of letters.
Reply:The Koran is all lies and plagiarism.
Chapter 74 of the Quran, God's Final Testament, is dedicated to the number
19. The name of that chapter is "Al-Muddassir" (The Hidden Secret). The
number 19 is specifically mentioned in that Chapter as a punishment for
those who state that the scripture is human-made (74:25), and proclaims
that the 19 is "One of the greatest" (74:35). In 74:31, the purpose of the
number 19 is spelled out: to remove all doubt regarding the authenticity of
the Quran, increase the faith of the believers, and to be a scientific
punishment for hypocrites and disbelievers. However, the implication of
this number as a proof for the authenticity of the Quran remained unknown
for centuries. For fourteen centuries, the commentators tried in vain to
understand the function and fulfilment of the number 19.
In 1974, the Lord of the universe unveiled the secret of number 19 to Dr.
Rashad Khalifa, an Egyptian-American biochemist. His four-year long
computerized study on the Quran did not have any expected target.
Surprisingly, he discovered the mathematically intertwined structure by
"chance." This multifold interlocked mathematical design is a message in
universal language. This message, providing a built-in physical evidence of
its divine source, leaves no doubt in our heart that the Quran is The Final
Testament.
Before the secret is decoded
Before the discovery of 19-based system, we knew a symmetrical mathematical
system in the Quran. For example:
© The word "month" (shahr) occurs 12 times.
© The word "day" (yawm) occurs 365 times.
© The word "days" (ayyam,yewmeyn) occurs 30 times.
© The words "satan" (shaytan) and "angel" (malak), both occur 88 times.
© The words "this world" (dunya) and "hereafter" (ahirah), both occur 115 times.
Simple to understand, impossible to imitate
The mathematical structure of the Final Testament is simple to understand
and impossible to imitate. You do not need to know Arabic, the original
language of the Quran to examine it for yourself. Basically what you need
is to be able to count upto19. Dr. Khalifa introduces this supernatural
message as follows:
The Quran is characterized by a unique phenomenon never found in any human
authored book. Every element of the Quran is mathematically composed-the
chapters, the verses, the words, the number of certain letters, the number
of words from the same root, the number and variety of divine names, the
unique spelling of certain words, and many other elements of the Quran
besides its content. There are two major facets of the Quran's mathematical
system: (1) The mathematical literary composition, and (2) The mathematical
structure involving the numbers of chapters and verses. Because of this
comprehensive mathematical coding, the slightest distortion of the Quran's
text or physical arrangement is immediately exposed (Quran The Final
Testament, Translated by Rashad Khalifa, Islamic Productions, Tucson, 1989,
p 609).
Nineteen, as the mathematical code of the Quran, is a challenge for
atheists, an invitation for agnostics and a guidance for believers. It is a
perpetual miracle for the computer generation. It is the light of the
morning promised by God Almighty (74:33).
Physical, examinable divine proof
Here is the summary of this historical discovery:
© The first verse, i.e., the opening statement "Bismillahirrahmanirrahim",
shortly "Basmalah," consists of 19 Arabic letters.
© The first word of Basmalah, Ism (name) occurs in the Quran 19 times.
© The second word of Basmalah, Allah (God) occurs 2698 times, or 19x142.
© The third word of Basmalah, Rahman (Gracious) occurs 57 times, or 19x3.
© The fourth word of Basmalah, Rahim (Merciful) occurs 114 times, or 19x6.
Although this phenomenon (the opening statement consists of 19 letters, and
each word occurs in multiple of 19) represents a minute portion of the
code, it was described by Martin Gardner in the Scientific American as
"ingenious" (September, 1981, p. 22-24)
© The multiplication factors of the words of the Basmalah (1+142+3+6) add
up to 152 or 19x8.
© The Quran consists of 114 chapters, which is 19x6.
© The total number of verses in the Quran including all Basmalahs is 6346,
or 19x334. If you add the digits of that number, 6+3+4+6 equals 19.
© The Basmalah occurs 114 times, (despite its conspicuous absence from
chapter 9, it occurs twice in chapter 27) and 114 is 19x6.
© From the missing Basmalah of chapter 9 to the extra Basmalah of chapter
27, there are precisely 19 chapters.
© It follows that the sum of the chapter numbers from 9 to 27
(9+10+11+12.......+26+27) is 342. This total (342) also equals the number
of words between the two Basmalahs of chapter 27, and 342 equals 19x18.
© The occurrence of the extra Basmalah is in 27:30. The number of the
chapter and the verse add up to 57, or 19x3.
© Each letter of the Arabic alphabet corresponds to a number according to
their original sequence in the alphabet. The Arabs were using this system
for calculations. When the Quran was revealed 14 centuries ago, the numbers
known today did not exist. A universal system was used where the letters of
the Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek alphabets were used as numerals. The
number assigned to each letter is its "Gematrical Value." The numerical
values of the Arabic alphabet are shown below:
A study on the gematrical values of about 200 attributes of God which are
mentioned in the Quran, shows that only four names have gematrical values
which are multiples of 19. These are "Wahid" (One), "Zul Fadl al Azim"
(Possessor of Infinite Grace), "Majid" (Glorous), "Jaami" (Summoner). Their
gematrical value are 19 , 2698, 57, and 114 respectively, which are all
divisible by 19 and correspond exactly to the frequencies of occurrence of
the Basmalah's four words.
© The total numbers of verses where the word Allah (God) occurs add up to
118123, and is 19x6217.
© The total occurrences of the word Allah (God) in all the verses whose
numbers are multiples of 19 is 133, or 19x7.
© The first revelation (96:1-5) consists of 19 words.
© This 19-worded first revelation consists of 76 letters, 19x4.
© Chapter 96, first in the chronological sequence, consists of 19 verses.
© This first chronological chapter is placed ahead of the last 19 chapters.
© Chapter 96 consists of 304 Arabic letters, 19x16.
© The last revelation, chapter 110, consists of 19 verses.
© The first verse of the last revelation consists of 19 letters.
© The word "the Quran" occurs 57 times, or 19x3. (The word in 10:15 is a
different Quran, so it is not counted)
© The key commandment: "You shall devote your worship to God alone" (in
Arabic "Wahdahu") occurs in 7:70; 39:45; 40:12,84; and 60:4. The total of
these numbers adds up to 361, or 19x19.
© The Quran is characterized by a unique phenomenon that is not found in
any other book: 29 chapters are prefixed with "Quranic Initials" which
remained mysterious for 1406 years. With the discovery of the code 19 , we
realized their major role in the Quran's mathematical structure. The
initials occur in their respective chapters in multiples of 19. For
example, Chapter 19 has five letters in its beginning, K.H.Y.A'.SS., and
the total occurrence of these letters in this chapter is 798, or 19x42.
© To witness the details of the miracle of these initials, a short chapter
which begins with one initial, letter "Q" will be a good example. The
frequency of "Q" in chapter 50 is 57, or 19x3. The letter "Q" occurs in the
other Q-initialed chapter, i.e., chapter 42, exactly the same number of
times, 57. The total occurrence of the letter "Q" in the two Q-initialed
chapters is 114, which equals the number of chapters in the Quran. "The
Quran" is mentioned in the Quran 57 times. The description of the Quran as
"Majid" (Glorious) is correlated with the frequency of occurrence of the
letter "Q" in each of the Q-initialed chapters. The word "Majid" has a
gematrical value of 57. Chapter 42 consists of 53 verses, and 42+53 is 95,
or 19x5. Chapter 50 consists of 45 verses, and 50+45 is 95, or 19x5. The
number of Q's in all ver-ses numbered "19" throughout the Quran is 76, or
19x4.
© The Quran mentions 30 different numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 19, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 99, 100, 200, 300, 1000, 2000,
3000, 5000, 50000, %26amp; 100000. The sum of these numbers is 162146, which
equals 19x8534.
© If we write down the number of each verse in the Quran, one next to the
other, preceded by the number of verses in each chapter, the resulting long
number consists of 12692 digits (19x668). Additionally, the huge number
itself is also a multiple of 19.
The details of this study is endless. Keeping up with the new discoveries
is a challenging task.
In the original of The Old Testament
Is this mathematical structure unique to the Quran? For a while we thougt
so. But, we were wrong. The same 19-based mathematical composition was
discovered by Rabbi Judah in the 12th century AD in a preserved part of the
Old Testament. Evidently, the prime number 19 is the signiture of God, the
Greatest Matematician.
Below is the copy from Studies In Jewish Mysticism:
"The people (Jews) in France made it a custom to add (in the morn ing
prayer) the words: Ashrei temimei derekh (blessed are those who walk the
righteous way), and our Rabbi, the Pious, of blessed memory, wrote that
they were completely and utterly wrong. It is all gross falsehood, be cause
there are only nineteen times that the Holy Name is mentioned (in that
portion of the morning prayer), . . . and similarly you find the word
Elohim nineteen times in the peri cope of Ve- elleh shemot . . . .
Similarly, you find that Israel were called sons nineteen times, and
there are many other examples. All these sets of nineteen are intricately
inter twined, and they contain many secrets and esoteric meanings, which
are contained in more than eight volumes. Therefore, anyone who has the
fear of God in him will not listen to the words of the Frenchmen who add
the verse Ashrei temimei derekh (blessed are those who walk in the paths
of God s Torah, for according to their additions the Holy Name is mentioned
twenty times . . . and this is a great mistake. Furthermore, in this
section there are 152 words, but if you add Ashrei temimei derekh there
are 158 words. This is nonsense, for it is a great and hidden secret why
there should be 152 words . . ." (Dan, Joseph. Studies In Jewish Mysticism,
Association for Jewish Studies. Cambridge, Massachusetts: 1978, p 88.)
How can we explain this phenomenon?
There are primarily four possible explanations:
1) Manipulation: You may be skeptical about our data regarding the
mathematical structure of Quran. However, you can eliminate this option in
several hours by random checking of our detailed computer print out. We
have published them in several books and they can be obtained from the
Monotheist Production International.
2) Coincidence: This possibility is eliminated by the statistical
probability laws. The consistency and frequency of the 19-based pattern is
much too overwhelming to occur coincidentally.
3) Human fabrication: While fabricating a literary work that meets the
criteria of the document summarized here is a stunning challenge for our
computer generation, it is certainly improbable for the time of initiation
of the document, namely, 610 AD. One more fact augments the improbability
of human fabrication. If a certain person or persons had fabricated this
literary work, they would want to reap the fruits of their efforts; they
would have bragged about it.
In view of the originality, complexity, and mathematical sophistication of
this work, we have to admit that it is ingenious. However, no one has ever
claimed credit for this unique literary code; the code was never known
prior to the computer decoding accomplished by Dr. Khalifa. Therefore it is
reasonable to exclude the possibility of human fabrication.
The timing of the discovery may be considered another evidence for the
existence and full control of Supreme Being: The mystery of the number 19
which is mentioned as "one of the greatest events" in the chapter 74 (The
Hidden Secret) was unveiled exactly 1406 (19x74) lunar years after the
revelation of the Quran. Dr. Khalifa discovered the code 19 in 1974. The
connection between 19 and 74 (the number of the chapter which this code is
mentioned) is significant in the timing of the discovery.
4. Super Intelligent Source: The only remaining possibility is that a super
intelligent source is responsible for this document; one who designed the
work in this extraordinary manner, then managed to keep it a well guarded
secret for 14 centuries, for a predetermined time.
The mathematical code ensures that the source is super intelligent and also
that the document is perfectly intact.
It is not a dream anymore
The following excerpts are from the famous astronomer and science-fiction
writer Carl Sagan's book:
"No, don't you see? This would be different. This isn't just starting the
universe out with some precise mathematical laws that determine physics and
chemistry. This is a message. Whoever makes the universe hides messages in
transcendental numbers so they'll be read fifteen billion years later when
intelligent life finally evolves. I criticized you and Rankin the time we
first met for not understanding this. 'If God wanted us to know that he
existed, why didn't he send us an unambiguous message?' I asked. Remember?"
"I remember very well. You think God is a mathematician."
"Something like that. If what we're told is true. If this isn't a
wild-goose chase. If there's a message hiding in pi and not one of the
infinity of other transcendental numbers. That's a lot of ifs."
"You're looking for Revelation in arithmetic. I know a better way."
"Palmer, this is the only way. This is the only thing that would convince a
skeptic. Imagine we find something. It doesn't have to be tremendously
complicated. Just something more orderly than could accumulate by chance
that many digits into pi. That's all we need. Then mathematicians all over
the world can find exactly the same pattern or message or whatever it
proves to be. Then there are no sectarian divisions. Everybody begins
reading the same Scripture. No one could then argue that the key miracle in
the religion was some conjurer's trick, or that later historians had
falsified the record, or that it's just hysteria or delusion or a
substitute parent for when we grow up. Everyone could be a believer." (Carl
Sagan, Contact, Simon %26amp; Schuster, New York, 1985, p 418-419)
Eerily, almost everything exactly has been happening according to Carl
Sagan's prediction with an exception that the code of the divine message is
not pi, it is a peculiar prime number. Also the last statement seems to be
too optimistic, at least for the time being. Already millions of Muslims
have rejected the mathematical code based on the presupposition that the
Creator of the universe won't employ mathematics in his book. And
born-again Christians are ready to coin it as Anti Christ.
However, this mathematically coded message promises a new era in the world
of religions. It does not only provide an examinable evidence for the
existence of God, it also expose the widespread corruption plagued all the
organized religions. This mathematical code suggests (as it is published in
our numerous books) a "Copernican revolution" in theology of religions.
Instead of Krishna-centered, or Jesus-centered, or Muhammad-centered
religions we must turn to the original center, to the God-centered model.
They cannot see the miracle
The "learned Muslim scholars" cannot understand or accept this clear
mathematical composition. Indeed, the verse 74:31 prophecies that
hypocrites will not be able to understand this miracle. Also the verse
7:146 describes those people who are deprived of seeing the miracle:
I will divert from My revelations those who are arrogant on earth, without
justification. Consequently, when they see every kind of miracle they will
not believe. And when they see the path of guidance they will not adopt it
as their path, but when they see the path of straying they will adopt it as
their path. This is the consequence of their rejecting our revelations, and
of being totally heedless thereof. (7:146)
a) Are all of those mathematical facts coincidences?
b) How many letters are there in the opening statement of the Quran i.e.,
Basmalah? Why do your ancient scholars (Fahreddin er Razi, Qurtubi etc.)
who counted the letters of Basmalah agree on 19 letters? Why after the
discovery of the miracle do you refute your respected ancient scholars?
c) 786 is the gematrical value of Basmalah used by Muslims to represent the
Basmalah. How many letters does this famous number represent?
d) Why do you fail in counting the 19 letters of Basmalah which is a very
simple and very obvious physical fact?
e) Almighty God in 74:31 gives us a list of functions of the number "19".
This is what "19" will do: 1) Disturb the disbelievers. 2) Establish
certainty in the hearts of the believers, the Jews, and the Christians,
concerning the divine origin of the Quran. 3) Strengthen the faith of the
faithful. 4) Remove all doubt from the hearts of the believers, and the
Jews, and the Christians. 5) Expose the hypocrites and the disbelievers who
claim with their lip service to be believers; they will not accept the
19-based miracle. The mathematical miracle of the Quran fulfills all these
functions one by one. The question to the Muslim scholars who reject God's
miracle is: How will the number 19 establish certainty in the hearts of
people? How will the number 19 remove all doubt from the people's heart?
How will the hypocrites be exposed? What are the functions of your 19?
f) The reason for your rejection of this great miracle has been explained
in 74:31; 7:146 and 6:25. Why do you not kill your ego, and purify your
heart?
g) How was the prophecy of 10:20; 27:93 %26amp; 41:53 fulfilled?
h) Is it not significant that the same 19-based mathematical composition
was discovered by Rabbi Judah in the 12th century AD in a preserved part of
the Old Testament? (See Studies In Jewish Mysticism, Association for Jewish
Studies, Cambridge, Mass., Joseph Dan, page 88, 1982).
i) What do you think about the Quranic prophecy on this discovery which
confirms the mathematical miracle of the scriptures?: "Proclaim: 'What if
it is from God, and you disbelieved in it? A witness from the Children of
Israel has borne witness to a similar phenomenon, and he has believed,
while you have turned too arrogant to believe. God does not guide the
wicked.' " (46:10).
j) What do A.L.M., HH.M., Y.S., Q. mean? Why is the Quranic expression
"These are the miracles --ayaat-- of this book" found ONLY in conjunction
with Quranic initials? (10:1; 12:1; 13:1; 15:1; 26:1-2; 27:1; 28:1-2;
32:1-2).
"A RELIGION NEVER AUTHORIZED BY GOD" (42:21)
The extent to which Islam has been corrupted is illustrated in the following:
In the paranthesis are some of the Chapter:Verse numbers that contradict
the traditional orthodox teaching.
Hadith and Sunna (6:19,38,114; 7:3; 12:111; 17:46; 31:6; 45:6; 69:38-47 .....)
Killing whomever they consider an apostate (2:256; 4:90; 10:99;18:29; 88:21,22.)
Cutting off the hand of the thief (5:38, 12:31)
Stoning the adulterers to death (24:2; 4:25.
Killing muslims who do not observe prayer (2:256; 18:29; 20:14)
Killing one who drinks alcohol for the 4th time ( 2:256; 18:29)
Forbidding menstruating women from worshiping (2:222)
Forbidding women from the Friday prayer (62:9)
Oppressing women and forcing them to wear head-covers and unreasonable
clothes; and depriving them of all rights in marriage, divorce,
inheritance, etc. (3:195; 4:19,32; 9:71; 2:228.)Y
Insulting women by instituting that "if a monkey, or a black dog, or a
woman passes in front of a praying person, his prayer is nullified"
(9:71; 33:35 ...)
Idolizing Muhammad against his will:
Calling him "the most honorable messenger" 2:285
Claiming that he was infallible (4:79; 9:117; 33:37; 40:66; 42:52; 66:1;
80:1-10; 93:7)
Setting up his tomb as a "Sacred Mosque" (2:149-150)
Claiming that he possesses power of intercession (2:48,123,254; 6:70,94;
7:53; 10:3; 39:44; 43:86; 74:48.)
Adding his name in the five daily prayers and Azan (20:14; 72:18)
Adding his name to the First Pillar of Islam, Shahadah (3:18; 37:35; 39:45)
Inventing a funny story about his ascension to the heavens on a horse, and
talking God out of 50 prayers a day, after consulting Moses. (17:1;
53:1-18)
Insulting Muhammad:
Claiming that he advised people to drink urine (7:157)
Claiming that he gouged out people's eyes (3:159; 68:4)
Claiming that he possessed sexual drive of 30 men (33:21)
Claiming that he was illiterate, un-intelligent (96:1-5 and many more)
Claiming that he had been bewitched by a Jew (17:47; 25:8)
Claiming that he cursed a child passing in front of him during prayer and
the child became crippled (3:159)
Nullifying the fact that Muhammad was the last prophet by teaching that
Jesus will come back to this world. This makes Jesus the last prophet
(33:40; 19:30)
A bizarre dietary system with multitudes of prohibition and contradictions
(6:145-150; 16:115,116)
Claiming that hell will not touch them, except for a limited number of
days. (2:80-82; 3:23-25)
Altering the four consecutive Sacred Months. (9:37)
Limiting the pilgrimage to three days (2:197)
Neglecting the Zakat charity through distortion (6:141)
Giving a punishment of 60 straight days of fasting for one nullified day
of fasting. (2:184)
Inventing numerous rules from ablution, to prayer, to sleeping, to cutting
one's nails. (5:101; 42:21; 2:67-71)
Prohibiting gold and silk for men. (5:48,49; 7:31-32; 18:31; 22:23; 35:33)
Prohibiting music, painting, and the arts. (7:32; 42:21; 34:13)
Rejecting writing a will for parents and relatives. (2:180; 4:11-12)
Claiming that the age of responsibility for males starts at 15, for females
starts at 12. Anybody who dies after these ages as a non-muslim, will go
to hell (46:15)
Claiming that some verses contradict some verses and therefore they
abrogate each other. For example they do not believe in 2:180; 2:219.
(4:82; 15:90-92; 2:85)
Claiming that Muhammad added an extra prohibition and abrogated the last
part of 4:24. (17:73-75; 69:40-47)
Changing the meaning of the Quranic words. (Such as nabi -prophet- %26amp; rasoul
-messenger-, ayat -miracle,sign- %26amp; ayaat -miracles, verses-). (5:41)
Claiming that Muhammad was the last messenger. (33:40; 3:81; 33:7)
Omitting Basmalah and adding a non Quranic word "ameen" to the end of
al-Faatiha in the prayers. (1:1-7)
Reciting al-Faatiha silently in the noon and afternoon prayers. (17:110)
Accepting the division into sects as God's mercy. (6:159; 30:32; 23:52-56)
Changing the number of the letters of the Basmalah to reject the great
mathematical miracle. (1:1; 74:30-37)
The Mathematical Miracle of # 19 in the Quran! any truth to this?
There is absolutely nothing miraculous, nor does numerology prove the existence of your mythical sky deity...
I have also read the Bible Code, which purports to be a tool for reading the future.... Its all crap. You can do the same exact thing with the works of Shakespere, if you rewrite it into another language, then translate and count numbers, then divide numbers by other numbers and rotate 180*, slap your butt twice, twirl like Natalie Merchant in a 10000 Maniac's video, and ACTUALLY BELEIVE THIS CRAP......
Reply:Yes this is truly a scientific miracle who those who open their hearts. I am totally amazed by the miracle of 19. It has nothing to do with numerology. We are dealing here with a miraculous pattern. Report It
Reply:Yes this is truly a scientific miracle who those who open their hearts. I am totally amazed by the miracle of 19. It has nothing to do with numerology. We are dealing here with a miraculous pattern. Report It
Reply:the miracle of 19 is truly incredible. Report It
Reply:I like 17, now THAT number is truly incredible. Or how about 12. Everybody pretty much summed it up when they say numerology is ridiculous, especially from the koran. Report It
Reply:This is amazing thanks for sharing i will be printing it out to show my family. Report It
Reply:This is quite interesting. And too detailed to be just a coincidence. I believe in it. It's much more conceivable than the crap about the future in the Bible. And it makes more sense. Report It
Reply:I have just one question. What is no. 19 got to do with all these? Even if it is proven true with whatever u are saying. What is 19 got to do with anything? Report It
Reply:Women are not forbidden from Friday prayer and neither from the rights of inheritance, divorce, etc,, plus there are many other falsehoods here. Report It
Reply:I don't understand what your point of view is on all this, it seems contradictory.. :? Report It
Reply:THATS NOT A QUESTION! try a forum . Report It
Reply:Claiming that Muhammad was the last messenger. (33:40; 3:81; 33:7)
?? Report It
Reply:What the hell was that?
Reply:Numerology proves nothing divine...
Reply:no
Reply:yea...and fourty virgins....right.
Reply:You need help, real help. = Wow 19 letters
Reply:my brain.................
Reply:Great, now my finger is numb from scrolling through your babble.
Reply:Lets see 72 virgins....yep...must be God...Sheeesh...
Reply:No more than the Bible Code, which has been proven over and over to be totally bogus. You can find such occurences in Moby Dick or a randomly generated stream of letters.
Reply:The Koran is all lies and plagiarism.
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